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virulence factors

  • What a Difference a Gene Makes: Identification of Virulence Factors of Cowpox Virus
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    What a Difference a Gene Makes: Identification of Virulence Factors of Cowpox Virus

    With the cessation of vaccination against smallpox and its assumed cross-protectivity against other OPV infections, waning immunity could open up new niches for related poxviruses. Therefore, the identification of virulence mechanisms in CPXV is of general interest. Here, we aimed to identify virulence markers in an experimental rodent CPXV infection model using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based virus recombineering. We...

    Aistė Tamošiūnaitė, Saskia Weber, Timo Schippers, Annika Franke, Zhiyong Xu, Maria Jenckel, Florian Pfaff, Donata Hoffmann, Maegan Newell, B. Karsten Tischer, Martin Beer, Nikolaus Osterrieder
  • Novel Function of Bluetongue Virus NS3 Protein in Regulation of the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway
    Pathogenesis and Immunity | Spotlight
    Novel Function of Bluetongue Virus NS3 Protein in Regulation of the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway

    Bluetongue virus (BTV) is responsible of the arthropod-borne disease bluetongue (BT) transmitted to ruminants by blood-feeding midges. In this report, we found that BTV, through its nonstructural protein NS3 (BTV-NS3), interacts with BRAF, a key component of the MAPK/ERK pathway. In response to growth factors, this pathway promotes cell survival and increases protein translation. We showed that BTV-NS3 enhances the MAPK/ERK pathway, and...

    Cindy Kundlacz, Marie Pourcelot, Aurore Fablet, Rayane Amaral Da Silva Moraes, Thibaut Léger, Bastien Morlet, Cyril Viarouge, Corinne Sailleau, Mathilde Turpaud, Axel Gorlier, Emmanuel Breard, Sylvie Lecollinet, Piet A. van Rijn, Stephan Zientara, Damien Vitour, Grégory Caignard
  • Open Access
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Unexpected Functional Divergence of Bat Influenza Virus NS1 Proteins
    Hannah L. Turkington, Mindaugas Juozapaitis, Nikos Tsolakos, Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar, Martin Schwemmle, Benjamin G. Hale
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Reverse Engineering Field Isolates of Myxoma Virus Demonstrates that Some Gene Disruptions or Losses of Function Do Not Explain Virulence Changes Observed in the Field
    June Liu, Isabella M. Cattadori, Derek G. Sim, John-Sebastian Eden, Edward C. Holmes, Andrew F. Read, Peter J. Kerr
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    The SAT Protein of Porcine Parvovirus Accelerates Viral Spreading through Induction of Irreversible Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
    István Mészáros, Renáta Tóth, Ferenc Olasz, Peter Tijssen, Zoltán Zádori
  • Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Deletion of the K1L Gene Results in a Vaccinia Virus That Is Less Pathogenic Due to Muted Innate Immune Responses, yet Still Elicits Protective Immunity
    Ariana G. Bravo Cruz, Aiguo Han, Edward J. Roy, Arielle B. Guzmán, Rita J. Miller, Elizabeth A. Driskell, William D. O'Brien, Joanna L. Shisler
  • Pathogenesis and Immunity
    M Gene Reassortment in H9N2 Influenza Virus Promotes Early Infection and Replication: Contribution to Rising Virus Prevalence in Chickens in China
    Juan Pu, Honglei Sun, Yi Qu, Chenxi Wang, Weihua Gao, Junda Zhu, Yipeng Sun, Yuhai Bi, Yinhua Huang, Kin-Chow Chang, Jie Cui, Jinhua Liu
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    Baculovirus Per Os Infectivity Factors Form a Complex on the Surface of Occlusion-Derived Virus
    Ke Peng, Monique M. van Oers, Zhihong Hu, Jan W. M. van Lent, Just M. Vlak
  • Pathogenesis and Immunity
    A Short N-Terminal Peptide Motif on Flavivirus Nonstructural Protein NS1 Modulates Cellular Targeting and Immune Recognition
    Soonjeon Youn, Hyelim Cho, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
  • Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Ectromelia Virus Inhibitor of Complement Enzymes Protects Intracellular Mature Virus and Infected Cells from Mouse Complement
    Elizabeth A. Moulton, Paula Bertram, Nanhai Chen, R. Mark L. Buller, John P. Atkinson

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