viral replication
Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene ExpressionInhibition of Epstein-Barr Virus Replication in Human Papillomavirus-Immortalized KeratinocytesUsing a model examining the establishment of EBV infection in HPV-immortalized tissues, we showed an HPV-induced interruption of the normal EBV life cycle reminiscent of a latent EBV infection. Our data support the notion that a persistent EBV epithelial infection depends upon preexisting cellular alterations and suggest the ability of HPV to promote such changes. More importantly, these findings introduce a model for how EBV...
Structure and AssemblyEncapsidation of Viral RNA in Picornavirales: Studies on Cowpea Mosaic Virus Demonstrate Dependence on Viral ReplicationThe mechanism whereby members of the order Picornavirales specifically package their genomic RNAs is poorly understood. Research with monopartite members of the order, such as poliovirus, indicated that packaging is linked to replication, although the presence of “packaging signals” along the length of the viral RNA has also been suggested. Thanks to the bipartite nature of the CPMV genome, which allows the manipulation of RNA-...
Virus-Cell InteractionsSelective Editing of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Enables Interferon Induction and Viral Replication That Destroy Malignant CellsOncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 is a promising agent for cancer immunotherapy. Due to a complex virus-host interaction, less is clear about what viral signature(s) constitutes a potent oncolytic backbone. Through molecular or genetic dissection, we showed that selective editing of the γ134.5 gene enables viral replication in malignant cells, activation of transcription factor IRF3, and subsequent induction of type I IFN....
Virus-Cell Interactions | SpotlightContribution of DNA Replication to the FAM111A-Mediated Simian Virus 40 Host Range PhenotypeSV40 has served as a powerful tool for understanding fundamental viral and cellular processes; however, despite extensive study, the SV40 HR mutant phenotype remains poorly understood. Mutations in the C terminus of large T antigen that disrupt binding to the host protein FAM111A render SV40 HR viruses unable to replicate in restrictive cell types. Our work reveals a defect of HR mutant viruses in the formation of viral replication...
Virus-Cell InteractionsHerpes Simplex Virus 1 γ134.5 Protein Inhibits STING Activation That Restricts Viral ReplicationViral inhibition of innate immunity contributes to herpes simplex virus pathogenesis. Although this complex process involves multiple factors, the underlying events remain unclear. We demonstrate that an HSV virulence factor γ134.5 precludes the activation of STING, a central adaptor in the intracellular DNA sensing pathway. Upon HSV infection, this viral protein engages with and inactivates STING. Consequently, it...
Virus-Cell Interactions | SpotlightReal-Time Visualization and Quantification of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication in Living Cells Using the ANCHOR DNA Labeling Technology
Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression | SpotlightIn Vivo Labelling of Adenovirus DNA Identifies Chromatin Anchoring and Biphasic Genome Replication- Virus-Cell Interactions | SpotlightSecretome Screening Reveals Fibroblast Growth Factors as Novel Inhibitors of Viral Replication
Viruses infect human cells in order to replicate, while human cells aim to resist infection. Several cellular antiviral programs have therefore evolved to resist infection. Knowledge of these programs is essential for the design of antiviral therapeutics in the future. The induction of antiviral programs is often initiated by secreted proteins, such as interferons. We hypothesized that other secreted proteins may also promote resistance...
- Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression | SpotlightThe SMC5/6 Complex Interacts with the Papillomavirus E2 Protein and Influences Maintenance of Viral Episomal DNA
The high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiological cause of cervical cancer and the most common sexually transmitted infection. While the majority of infections may be asymptomatic or cause only benign lesions, persistent infection with the oncogenic high-risk HPV types may lead to serious diseases, such as cervical cancer, anogenital carcinoma, or head and neck oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The identification of...