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reassortment

  • Noncanonical Cell Death Induction by Reassortant Reovirus
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Noncanonical Cell Death Induction by Reassortant Reovirus

    TNBC is unresponsive to hormone therapies, leaving patients afflicted with this disease with limited treatment options. We previously engineered an oncolytic reovirus (r2Reovirus) with enhanced infective and cytotoxic properties in TNBC cells. However, how r2Reovirus promotes TNBC cell death is not known. In this study, we show that reassortant r2Reovirus can promote nonconventional caspase-dependent but caspase 3-independent cell death...

    Roxana M. Rodríguez Stewart, Vishnu Raghuram, Jameson T. L. Berry, Gaurav N. Joshi, Bernardo A. Mainou
  • Open Access
    Genetic Characterization of Influenza A Viruses in Japanese Swine in 2015 to 2019
    Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Genetic Characterization of Influenza A Viruses in Japanese Swine in 2015 to 2019

    Understanding the current status of influenza A viruses of swine (IAVs-S) and their evolution at the farm level is important for controlling these pathogens. Efforts to monitor IAVs-S during 2015 to 2019 yielded H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 viruses. H1 genes in Japanese swine formed a unique clade in the classical swine H1 lineage of 1A.1, and H3 genes originating from 1999–2000 human seasonal influenza viruses appear to have become established...

    Junki Mine, Yuko Uchida, Nobuhiro Takemae, Takehiko Saito
  • Open Access
    Discrete Virus Factories Form in the Cytoplasm of Cells Coinfected with Two Replication-Competent Tagged Reporter Birnaviruses That Subsequently Coalesce over Time
    Virus-Cell Interactions | Spotlight
    Discrete Virus Factories Form in the Cytoplasm of Cells Coinfected with Two Replication-Competent Tagged Reporter Birnaviruses That Subsequently Coalesce over Time

    Reassortment is common in viruses with segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes. However, these viruses typically replicate within discrete cytoplasmic virus factories (VFs) that may represent a barrier to genome mixing. We generated the first replication competent tagged reporter birnaviruses, infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDVs) containing a split GFP11 or tetracysteine (TC) tag and used the viruses to track the location and...

    Elle A. Campbell, Vishwanatha R. A. P. Reddy, Alice G. Gray, Joanna Wells, Jennifer Simpson, Michael A. Skinner, Philippa C. Hawes, Andrew J. Broadbent
  • Generation of Infectious Recombinant Human Rotaviruses from Just 11 Cloned cDNAs Encoding the Rotavirus Genome
    Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression
    Generation of Infectious Recombinant Human Rotaviruses from Just 11 Cloned cDNAs Encoding the Rotavirus Genome

    Human group A rotavirus (HuRVA) is a leading pathogen causing severe diarrhea in young children worldwide. In this paper, we describe the generation of recombinant HuRVA (strain KU) from only 11 cloned cDNAs encoding the HuRVA genome by reverse genetics. The growth properties of the recombinant HuRVA were similar to those of the parental RVA, providing a powerful tool for better understanding of HuRVA replication and pathogenesis....

    Satoshi Komoto, Saori Fukuda, Masanori Kugita, Riona Hatazawa, Chitose Koyama, Kazuhiko Katayama, Takayuki Murata, Koki Taniguchi
  • Components of the Reovirus Capsid Differentially Contribute to Stability
    Structure and Assembly
    Components of the Reovirus Capsid Differentially Contribute to Stability

    Nonenveloped and enveloped viruses are exposed to the environment during transmission to a new host. Protein-protein and/or protein-lipid interactions stabilize the particle and protect the viral genome. Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is composed of two concentric, protein shells. The μ1 and σ3 proteins form the outer capsid; contacts between neighboring subunits are thought to confer resistance to inactivating agents. We further...

    Anthony J. Snyder, Joseph Che-Yen Wang, Pranav Danthi
  • Protein Mismatches Caused by Reassortment Influence Functions of the Reovirus Capsid
    Structure and Assembly
    Protein Mismatches Caused by Reassortment Influence Functions of the Reovirus Capsid

    Cells coinfected with viruses that possess a multipartite or segmented genome reassort to produce progeny viruses that contain a combination of gene segments from each parent. Reassortment places new pairs of genes together, generating viruses in which mismatched proteins must function together. To test if such forced pairing of proteins that form the virus shell or capsid alters the function of the particle, we investigated properties...

    Deepti Thete, Pranav Danthi
  • Genetic Evidence Supports Sporadic and Independent Introductions of Subtype H5 Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Viruses from Wild Birds to Domestic Poultry in North America
    Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Genetic Evidence Supports Sporadic and Independent Introductions of Subtype H5 Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Viruses from Wild Birds to Domestic Poultry in North America
    Lei Li, Andrew S. Bowman, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Mary L. Killian, Scott Krauss, Jacqueline M. Nolting, Mia Kim Torchetti, Andrew M. Ramey, Andrew B. Reeves, David E. Stallknecht, Richard J. Webby, Xiu-Feng Wan
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Divergent Human-Origin Influenza Viruses Detected in Australian Swine Populations

    We describe the evolutionary origins and antigenic properties of influenza A viruses isolated from two separate Australian swine populations from 2012 to 2016, showing that these viruses are distinct from each other and from those isolated from swine globally. Whole-genome sequencing of virus isolates revealed a high genotypic diversity that had been generated exclusively through the introduction and establishment of human influenza...

    Frank Y. K. Wong, Celeste Donato, Yi-Mo Deng, Don Teng, Naomi Komadina, Chantal Baas, Joyanta Modak, Mark O'Dea, David W. Smith, Paul V. Effler, Julie Cooke, Kelly R. Davies, Aeron Hurt, Nina Kung, Avram Levy, Richmond Loh, Songhua Shan, Mustaghfira W. Shinwari, Vittoria Stevens, Joanne Taylor, David T. Williams, James Watson, Debbie Eagles, Sam McCullough, Ian G. Barr, Vijaykrishna Dhanasekaran
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution | Spotlight
    Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes
    Mathilde Richard, Sander Herfst, Hui Tao, Nathan T. Jacobs, Anice C. Lowen
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Natural Reassortants of Potentially Zoonotic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N1 and H9N2 from Egypt Display Distinct Pathogenic Phenotypes in Experimentally Infected Chickens and Ferrets
    Mahmoud M. Naguib, Reiner Ulrich, Elisa Kasbohm, Christine L. P. Eng, Donata Hoffmann, Christian Grund, Martin Beer, Timm C. Harder

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