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monoclonal antibodies

  • High-Resolution Mapping of Human Norovirus Antigens via Genomic Phage Display Library Selections and Deep Sequencing
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents | Spotlight
    High-Resolution Mapping of Human Norovirus Antigens via Genomic Phage Display Library Selections and Deep Sequencing

    NoV infections are a leading cause of gastroenteritis in the United States. Human NoVs exhibit extensive genetic and antigenic diversity, which makes it challenging to design a vaccine that provides broad protection against infection. Antibodies developed during the immune response play an important role in the control of NoV infections. Neutralizing antibodies that act by sterically blocking the site on the virus used to bind human...

    Wanzhi Huang, Victoria Soeung, David M. Boragine, Liya Hu, B. V. Venkataram Prasad, Mary K. Estes, Robert L. Atmar, Timothy Palzkill
  • Comprehensive Assessment of the Antigenic Impact of Human Papillomavirus Lineage Variation on Recognition by Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Raised against Lineage A Major Capsid Proteins of Vaccine-Related Genotypes
    Genetic Diversity and Evolution
    Comprehensive Assessment of the Antigenic Impact of Human Papillomavirus Lineage Variation on Recognition by Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Raised against Lineage A Major Capsid Proteins of Vaccine-Related Genotypes

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical and some other epithelial cancers. HPV vaccines generate functional (neutralizing) antibodies that target the virus particles (or capsids) of the most common HPV cancer-causing genotypes. Each genotype comprises variant forms that have arisen over millennia and which include changes within the capsid proteins. In this study, we explored the potential for these naturally...

    Anna Godi, Dolcibella Boampong, Busayo Elegunde, Kavita Panwar, Maxime Fleury, Shaowei Li, Qinjian Zhao, Ningshao Xia, Neil D. Christensen, Simon Beddows
  • Characterization of Novel Cross-Reactive Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin Head Specific Antibodies That Lack Hemagglutination Inhibition Activity
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents | Spotlight
    Characterization of Novel Cross-Reactive Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin Head Specific Antibodies That Lack Hemagglutination Inhibition Activity

    Understanding the immune response that older individuals mount to influenza virus vaccination and infection is critical in order to design better vaccines for this age group. Here, we show that older individuals make broadly neutralizing antibodies that have no hemagglutination-inhibiting activity and are less potent than strain-specific antibodies. These antibodies could drive viral escape from neutralization but did not result in...

    Ericka Kirkpatrick, Carole Henry, Meagan McMahon, Kaijun Jiang, Shirin Strohmeier, Harm van Bakel, Patrick C. Wilson, Florian Krammer
  • Human Monoclonal Antibody Derived from Transchromosomic Cattle Neutralizes Multiple H1 Clades of Influenza A Virus by Recognizing a Novel Conformational Epitope in the Hemagglutinin Head Domain
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    Human Monoclonal Antibody Derived from Transchromosomic Cattle Neutralizes Multiple H1 Clades of Influenza A Virus by Recognizing a Novel Conformational Epitope in the Hemagglutinin Head Domain

    Respiratory diseases caused by influenza viruses still pose a serious concern to global health, and neutralizing antibodies constitute a promising area of antiviral therapeutics. However, the potential application of antibodies is often hampered by the challenge in generating nonimmunogenic antibodies in large scale. In the present study, transchromosomic (Tc) cattle were used for the generation of nonimmunogenic monoclonal antibodies (...

    Rongyuan Gao, Chithra C. Sreenivasan, Zizhang Sheng, Ben M. Hause, Bin Zhou, David E. Wentworth, Travis Clement, Dana Rausch, Colin Brunick, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Hua Wu, Christoph L. Bausch, Eddie J. Sullivan, Adam D. Hoppe, Victor C. Huber, Dan Wang, Feng Li
  • Diversity and Function of Maternal HIV-1-Specific Antibodies at the Time of Vertical Transmission
    Pathogenesis and Immunity | Spotlight
    Diversity and Function of Maternal HIV-1-Specific Antibodies at the Time of Vertical Transmission

    Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV-1 offers a unique setting in which maternal antibodies both within the mother and passively transferred to the infant are present at the time of viral exposure. Untreated HIV-exposed human infants are infected at a rate of 30 to 40%, meaning that some infants do not get infected despite continued exposure to virus. Since the potential of HIV-specific immune responses to provide protection against HIV...

    Laura E. Doepker, Cassandra A. Simonich, Duncan Ralph, Mackenzie M. Shipley, Meghan Garrett, Theodore Gobillot, Vladimir Vigdorovich, D. Noah Sather, Ruth Nduati, Frederick A. Matsen, Julie M. Overbaugh
  • An Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen Elicits Antibodies Endowed with Group 1 Heterosubtypic Breadth against Swine Influenza Viruses
    Letter to the Editor
    An Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen Elicits Antibodies Endowed with Group 1 Heterosubtypic Breadth against Swine Influenza Viruses
    Amanda L. Skarlupka, Z. Beau Reneer, Rodrigo B. Abreu, Ted M. Ross, Giuseppe A. Sautto
  • Open Access
    Autologous Antibody Responses to an HIV Envelope Glycan Hole Are Not Easily Broadened in Rabbits
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    Autologous Antibody Responses to an HIV Envelope Glycan Hole Are Not Easily Broadened in Rabbits

    A glycan hole is one of the most dominant autologous neutralizing epitopes targeted on BG505 and B41 SOSIP trimer-immunized rabbits. Our high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) studies of B41 in complex with a B41-specific antibody complex elucidate the molecular basis of this strain-specific glycan hole response. We conclude that even for the immunodominant glycan hole shared between BG505 and B41, the prospect of designing...

    Yuhe R. Yang, Laura E. McCoy, Marit J. van Gils, Raiees Andrabi, Hannah L. Turner, Meng Yuan, Christopher A. Cottrell, Gabriel Ozorowski, James Voss, Matthias Pauthner, Thomas M. Polveroni, Terrence Messmer, Ian A. Wilson, Rogier W. Sanders, Dennis R. Burton, Andrew B. Ward
  • Open Access
    Broadly Inhibiting Antineuraminidase Monoclonal Antibodies Induced by Trivalent Influenza Vaccine and H7N9 Infection in Humans
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    Broadly Inhibiting Antineuraminidase Monoclonal Antibodies Induced by Trivalent Influenza Vaccine and H7N9 Infection in Humans

    Antibodies to the influenza virus NA can provide protection against influenza disease. Analysis of human antibodies to NA lags behind that of antibodies to HA. We show that human monoclonal antibodies against NA induced by vaccination and infection can be very broadly reactive, with the ability to inhibit a wide spectrum of N1 NAs on viruses isolated between 1918 and 2018. This suggests that antibodies to NA may be a useful therapy and...

    Pramila Rijal, Bei Bei Wang, Tiong Kit Tan, Lisa Schimanski, Philipp Janesch, Tao Dong, John W. McCauley, Rodney S. Daniels, Alain R. Townsend, Kuan-Ying A. Huang
  • A Potent Neutralizing Site III-Specific Human Antibody Neutralizes Human Metapneumovirus <em>In Vivo</em>
    Pathogenesis and Immunity | Spotlight
    A Potent Neutralizing Site III-Specific Human Antibody Neutralizes Human Metapneumovirus In Vivo

    Recent progress in understanding the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus has paved the way for new vaccine antigens and therapeutics to prevent and treat disease. Progress toward understanding the immune response to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has lagged behind, although hMPV is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children. In this report, we advanced the field by isolating a panel of human mAbs to...

    Yael Bar-Peled, Darren Diaz, Alma Pena-Briseno, Jackelyn Murray, Jiachen Huang, Ralph A. Tripp, Jarrod J. Mousa
  • Human Monoclonal Antibodies Potently Neutralize Zika Virus and Select for Escape Mutations on the Lateral Ridge of the Envelope Protein
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    Human Monoclonal Antibodies Potently Neutralize Zika Virus and Select for Escape Mutations on the Lateral Ridge of the Envelope Protein

    Zika virus (ZIKV) is a global health threat causing severe disease in humans, including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Here, we analyzed the human monoclonal antibody response to acute ZIKV infection and found that neutralizing antibodies could not elicit Fc-mediated immune effector functions but could potentiate antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. We further identified critical epitopes involved...

    Mark J. Bailey, Felix Broecker, Alec W. Freyn, Angela Choi, Julia A. Brown, Nadia Fedorova, Viviana Simon, Jean K. Lim, Matthew J. Evans, Adolfo García-Sastre, Peter Palese, Gene S. Tan

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