monoclonal antibodies
Pathogenesis and Immunity | SpotlightDiversity and Function of Maternal HIV-1-Specific Antibodies at the Time of Vertical TransmissionMother-to-child-transmission of HIV-1 offers a unique setting in which maternal antibodies both within the mother and passively transferred to the infant are present at the time of viral exposure. Untreated HIV-exposed human infants are infected at a rate of 30 to 40%, meaning that some infants do not get infected despite continued exposure to virus. Since the potential of HIV-specific immune responses to provide protection against HIV...
Vaccines and Antiviral AgentsAutologous Antibody Responses to an HIV Envelope Glycan Hole Are Not Easily Broadened in RabbitsA glycan hole is one of the most dominant autologous neutralizing epitopes targeted on BG505 and B41 SOSIP trimer-immunized rabbits. Our high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) studies of B41 in complex with a B41-specific antibody complex elucidate the molecular basis of this strain-specific glycan hole response. We conclude that even for the immunodominant glycan hole shared between BG505 and B41, the prospect of designing...
Vaccines and Antiviral AgentsBroadly Inhibiting Antineuraminidase Monoclonal Antibodies Induced by Trivalent Influenza Vaccine and H7N9 Infection in HumansAntibodies to the influenza virus NA can provide protection against influenza disease. Analysis of human antibodies to NA lags behind that of antibodies to HA. We show that human monoclonal antibodies against NA induced by vaccination and infection can be very broadly reactive, with the ability to inhibit a wide spectrum of N1 NAs on viruses isolated between 1918 and 2018. This suggests that antibodies to NA may be a useful therapy and...
Pathogenesis and Immunity | SpotlightA Potent Neutralizing Site III-Specific Human Antibody Neutralizes Human Metapneumovirus In VivoRecent progress in understanding the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus has paved the way for new vaccine antigens and therapeutics to prevent and treat disease. Progress toward understanding the immune response to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has lagged behind, although hMPV is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children. In this report, we advanced the field by isolating a panel of human mAbs to...
Vaccines and Antiviral AgentsHuman Monoclonal Antibodies Potently Neutralize Zika Virus and Select for Escape Mutations on the Lateral Ridge of the Envelope ProteinZika virus (ZIKV) is a global health threat causing severe disease in humans, including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Here, we analyzed the human monoclonal antibody response to acute ZIKV infection and found that neutralizing antibodies could not elicit Fc-mediated immune effector functions but could potentiate antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. We further identified critical epitopes involved...
Vaccines and Antiviral Agents | SpotlightHemagglutinin Stalk-Reactive Antibodies Interfere with Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Activity by Steric HindranceThis study reports a new mechanism of protection mediated by influenza hemagglutinin stalk-reactive antibodies, i.e., inhibition of neuraminidase activity by steric hindrance, blocking access of neuraminidase to sialic acids when it abuts hemagglutinin on whole virions.
Structure and AssemblyHigh-Resolution Structural Characterization of a New Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 5 Antibody Epitope toward Engineering Antibody-Resistant Recombinant Gene Delivery VectorsBiologics based on recombinant AAVs (rAAVs) are increasingly becoming attractive human gene delivery vehicles, especially after the approval of Glybera in Europe and Luxturna in the United States. However, preexisting neutralizing antibodies against the AAV capsids in a large percentage of the human population limit wide-spread utilization of these vectors. To circumvent this problem, stealth vectors must be generated that are...
Vaccines and Antiviral AgentsCharacterization of Antibody Interactions with the G Protein of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Indiana Strain and Other Vesiculovirus G ProteinsVSVind.G is currently regarded as the gold-standard envelope glycoprotein to pseudotype lentiviral vectors. However, recently other G proteins derived from vesiculoviruses have been proposed as alternative envelopes. Here, we investigated two commercially available anti-VSVind.G monoclonal antibodies for their ability to cross-react with other vesiculovirus G proteins, identified the epitopes they recognize, and explored their...
- Vaccines and Antiviral Agents | SpotlightMonoclonal Antibodies against Occludin Completely Prevented Hepatitis C Virus Infection in a Mouse Model
