measles virus
Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression | SpotlightThe C Protein Is Recruited to Measles Virus Ribonucleocapsids by the PhosphoproteinReplication of negative-strand RNA viruses relies on two components: a helical ribonucleocapsid and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase composed of a catalytic subunit, the L protein, and a cofactor, the P protein. We show that the measles virus (MeV) C protein is an additional component of the replication complex. We provide evidence that the C protein is recruited to the ribonucleocapsid by the P protein and map the interacting segments...
Virus-Cell InteractionsWeak cis and trans Interactions of the Hemagglutinin with Receptors Trigger Fusion Proteins of Neuropathogenic Measles Virus IsolatesMeasles virus (MeV) may persist in the brain, causing incurable subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Because neurons, the main target in SSPE, do not express receptors for wild-type (WT) MeV, how MeV propagates in the brain is a key question for the disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific substitutions in the MeV fusion (F) protein are critical for neuropathogenicity. Here, we show that weak cis and ...
Virus-Cell Interactions | SpotlightMeasles Virus Forms Inclusion Bodies with Properties of Liquid OrganellesMeasles virus remains a pathogen of significant global concern. Despite an effective vaccine, outbreaks continue to occur, and globally ∼100,000 measles-related deaths are seen annually. Understanding the molecular basis of virus-host interactions that impact the efficiency of virus replication is essential for the further development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Measles virus replication occurs in the cytoplasm in...
Pathogenesis and Immunity | SpotlightImmune-Mediated Control of a Dormant Neurotropic RNA Virus InfectionViral infections of neurons are often not cytopathic; thus, once-infected neurons survive, and viral RNAs can be detected long after apparent viral control. These RNAs are generally considered viral fossils, unlikely to contribute to central nervous system (CNS) disease. Using a mouse model of measles virus (MV) neuronal infection, we show that MV RNA is maintained in the CNS of infected mice long after acute control and in the absence...
Pathogenesis and ImmunityType I Interferon Receptor Signaling Drives Selective Permissiveness of Astrocytes and Microglia to Measles Virus during Brain InfectionMeasles virus (MeV) can infect the central nervous system (CNS), with dramatic consequences. The mechanisms controlling MeV invasion of the CNS remain ill-defined since most previous data were obtained from postmortem analysis. Here, we highlight for the first time the crucial role of the type I interferon (IFN-I) response not only in the control of CNS invasion but also in the early permissiveness of glial cells to measles virus...
Vaccines and Antiviral AgentsA Measles Virus-Based Vaccine Candidate Mediates Protection against Zika Virus in an Allogeneic Mouse Pregnancy ModelZika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes a variety of neurological complications, including congenital birth defects. Despite the urgent need, no ZIKV vaccine has yet been licensed. Recombinant vaccine strain-derived measles viruses (MV) constitute a promising vector platform to induce immunity against foreign pathogens by expressing antigens from additional transcription units while at the same time possessing a...
- Virus-Cell InteractionsAPOBEC3G-Regulated Host Factors Interfere with Measles Virus Replication: Role of REDD1 and Mammalian TORC1 Inhibition
Knowledge about host factors supporting or restricting virus replication is required for a deeper understanding of virus-cell interactions and may eventually provide the basis for therapeutic intervention. This work was undertaken predominantly to explain the mechanism of A3G-mediated inhibition of MV, a negative-strand RNA virus that is not affected by the deaminase activity of A3G acting on single-stranded DNA. We found that A3G...
- Virus-Cell Interactions | SpotlightAnnexin A2 Mediates the Localization of Measles Virus Matrix Protein at the Plasma Membrane
- Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene ExpressionThe Unstructured Paramyxovirus Nucleocapsid Protein Tail Domain Modulates Viral Pathogenesis through Regulation of Transcriptase Activity
- Cellular Response to Infection | SpotlightUpon Infection, Cellular WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5 (WDR5) Localizes to Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies and Enhances Measles Virus Replication