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measles virus

  • The C Protein Is Recruited to Measles Virus Ribonucleocapsids by the Phosphoprotein
    Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression | Spotlight
    The C Protein Is Recruited to Measles Virus Ribonucleocapsids by the Phosphoprotein

    Replication of negative-strand RNA viruses relies on two components: a helical ribonucleocapsid and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase composed of a catalytic subunit, the L protein, and a cofactor, the P protein. We show that the measles virus (MeV) C protein is an additional component of the replication complex. We provide evidence that the C protein is recruited to the ribonucleocapsid by the P protein and map the interacting segments...

    Christian K. Pfaller, Louis-Marie Bloyet, Ryan C. Donohue, Amanda L. Huff, William P. Bartemes, Iris Yousaf, Erica Urzua, Mathieu Clavière, Marie Zachary, Valentin de Masson d’Autume, Sandra Carson, Adam J. Schieferecke, Alyssa J. Meyer, Denis Gerlier, Roberto Cattaneo
  • Weak <em>cis</em> and <em>trans</em> Interactions of the Hemagglutinin with Receptors Trigger Fusion Proteins of Neuropathogenic Measles Virus Isolates
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Weak cis and trans Interactions of the Hemagglutinin with Receptors Trigger Fusion Proteins of Neuropathogenic Measles Virus Isolates

    Measles virus (MeV) may persist in the brain, causing incurable subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Because neurons, the main target in SSPE, do not express receptors for wild-type (WT) MeV, how MeV propagates in the brain is a key question for the disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific substitutions in the MeV fusion (F) protein are critical for neuropathogenicity. Here, we show that weak cis and ...

    Yuta Shirogane, Takao Hashiguchi, Yusuke Yanagi
  • Measles Virus Forms Inclusion Bodies with Properties of Liquid Organelles
    Virus-Cell Interactions | Spotlight
    Measles Virus Forms Inclusion Bodies with Properties of Liquid Organelles

    Measles virus remains a pathogen of significant global concern. Despite an effective vaccine, outbreaks continue to occur, and globally ∼100,000 measles-related deaths are seen annually. Understanding the molecular basis of virus-host interactions that impact the efficiency of virus replication is essential for the further development of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Measles virus replication occurs in the cytoplasm in...

    Yuqin Zhou, Justin M. Su, Charles E. Samuel, Dzwokai Ma
  • Immune-Mediated Control of a Dormant Neurotropic RNA Virus Infection
    Pathogenesis and Immunity | Spotlight
    Immune-Mediated Control of a Dormant Neurotropic RNA Virus Infection

    Viral infections of neurons are often not cytopathic; thus, once-infected neurons survive, and viral RNAs can be detected long after apparent viral control. These RNAs are generally considered viral fossils, unlikely to contribute to central nervous system (CNS) disease. Using a mouse model of measles virus (MV) neuronal infection, we show that MV RNA is maintained in the CNS of infected mice long after acute control and in the absence...

    Katelyn D. Miller, Christine M. Matullo, Katelynn A. Milora, Riley M. Williams, Kevin J. O’Regan, Glenn F. Rall
  • Type I Interferon Receptor Signaling Drives Selective Permissiveness of Astrocytes and Microglia to Measles Virus during Brain Infection
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Type I Interferon Receptor Signaling Drives Selective Permissiveness of Astrocytes and Microglia to Measles Virus during Brain Infection

    Measles virus (MeV) can infect the central nervous system (CNS), with dramatic consequences. The mechanisms controlling MeV invasion of the CNS remain ill-defined since most previous data were obtained from postmortem analysis. Here, we highlight for the first time the crucial role of the type I interferon (IFN-I) response not only in the control of CNS invasion but also in the early permissiveness of glial cells to measles virus...

    Jeremy Charles Welsch, Benjamin Charvet, Sebastien Dussurgey, Omran Allatif, Noemie Aurine, Branka Horvat, Denis Gerlier, Cyrille Mathieu
  • A Measles Virus-Based Vaccine Candidate Mediates Protection against Zika Virus in an Allogeneic Mouse Pregnancy Model
    Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    A Measles Virus-Based Vaccine Candidate Mediates Protection against Zika Virus in an Allogeneic Mouse Pregnancy Model

    Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes a variety of neurological complications, including congenital birth defects. Despite the urgent need, no ZIKV vaccine has yet been licensed. Recombinant vaccine strain-derived measles viruses (MV) constitute a promising vector platform to induce immunity against foreign pathogens by expressing antigens from additional transcription units while at the same time possessing a...

    Cindy Nürnberger, Bianca S. Bodmer, Anna H. Fiedler, Gülsah Gabriel, Michael D. Mühlebach
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    APOBEC3G-Regulated Host Factors Interfere with Measles Virus Replication: Role of REDD1 and Mammalian TORC1 Inhibition

    Knowledge about host factors supporting or restricting virus replication is required for a deeper understanding of virus-cell interactions and may eventually provide the basis for therapeutic intervention. This work was undertaken predominantly to explain the mechanism of A3G-mediated inhibition of MV, a negative-strand RNA virus that is not affected by the deaminase activity of A3G acting on single-stranded DNA. We found that A3G...

    Vishakha Tiwarekar, Julia Wohlfahrt, Markus Fehrholz, Claus-Jürgen Scholz, Susanne Kneitz, Jürgen Schneider-Schaulies
  • Virus-Cell Interactions | Spotlight
    Annexin A2 Mediates the Localization of Measles Virus Matrix Protein at the Plasma Membrane
    Ritsuko Koga, Marie Kubota, Takao Hashiguchi, Yusuke Yanagi, Shinji Ohno
  • Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression
    The Unstructured Paramyxovirus Nucleocapsid Protein Tail Domain Modulates Viral Pathogenesis through Regulation of Transcriptase Activity
    Vidhi D. Thakkar, Robert M. Cox, Bevan Sawatsky, Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski, Julien Sourimant, Katrin Wabbel, Negar Makhsous, Alexander L. Greninger, Veronika von Messling, Richard K. Plemper
  • Cellular Response to Infection | Spotlight
    Upon Infection, Cellular WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5 (WDR5) Localizes to Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies and Enhances Measles Virus Replication
    Dzwokai Ma, Cyril X. George, Jason L. Nomburg, Christian K. Pfaller, Roberto Cattaneo, Charles E. Samuel

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