lung
Cellular Response to InfectionType I and Type III Interferons Restrict SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Human Airway Epithelial CulturesThe current pandemic of respiratory illness, COVID-19, is caused by a recently emerged coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. This virus infects airway and lung cells causing fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. Severe cases of COVID-19 can result in lung damage, low blood oxygen levels, and even death. As there are currently no vaccines approved for use in humans, studies of the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are urgently needed. Our...
Cellular Response to InfectionLack of B Lymphocytes Enhances CD8 T Cell-Mediated Resistance against Respiratory Viral Infection but Compromises Memory Cell FormationB cells play critical role in host resistance against many respiratory viral infections. However, the role of B cells beyond antibody-producing cells is less well defined. In this study, we made a surprising observation that mice lacking B cells were more resistant to respiratory infection with vaccinia virus than wild-type mice. This enhanced resistance was mediated by CD8 T cells because when we depleted CD8 T cells in B cell-...
Cellular Response to Infection | SpotlightUnique Transcriptional Architecture in Airway Epithelial Cells and Macrophages Shapes Distinct Responses following Influenza Virus Infection Ex VivoAirway epithelial cells (AEC) and airway macrophages (AM) represent major targets of influenza A virus (IAV) infection in the lung, yet the two cell types respond very differently to IAV infection. We have used RNA sequencing to define the host transcriptional responses in each cell type under steady-state conditions as well as following IAV infection. To do this, different cell subsets isolated from the lungs of mock- and IAV-infected...
- Cellular Response to InfectionBatf3-Dependent Dendritic Cells Promote Optimal CD8 T Cell Responses against Respiratory Poxvirus Infection
During respiratory infection with vaccinia virus (VacV), a member of Poxviridae family, CD8+ T cells play important role in resolving the primary infection. Effector CD8+ T cells clear the virus by accumulating in the infected lungs in large numbers and secreting molecules such as IFN-γ that kill virally infected cells. However, precise cell...
- Pathogenesis and ImmunityZoonotic Risk, Pathogenesis, and Transmission of Avian-Origin H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus