Influenza in Birds

Genetic Diversity and Evolution
Natural Reassortants of Potentially Zoonotic Avian Influenza Viruses H5N1 and H9N2 from Egypt Display Distinct Pathogenic Phenotypes in Experimentally Infected Chickens and Ferrets
Mahmoud M. Naguib, Reiner Ulrich, Elisa Kasbohm, Christine L. P. Eng, Donata Hoffmann, Christian Grund, Martin Beer, Timm C. Harder
Genetic Diversity and Evolution
Genesis and Spread of Newly Emerged Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Avian Viruses in Mainland China
Lei Yang, Wenfei Zhu, Xiyan Li, Minmei Chen, Jie Wu, Pengbo Yu, Shunxiang Qi, Yiwei Huang, Weixian Shi, Jie Dong, Xiang Zhao, Weijuan Huang, Zi Li, Xiaoxu Zeng, Hong Bo, Tao Chen, Wenbing Chen, Jia Liu, Ye Zhang, Zhenli Liang, Wei Shi, Yuelong Shu, Dayan Wang
Open Access

Pathogenesis and Immunity
Pathobiology of Clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Infections in Minor Gallinaceous Poultry Supports Early Backyard Flock Introductions in the Western United States in 2014-2015
Kateri Bertran, Dong-Hun Lee, Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood, Erica Spackman, Charles Balzli, David L. Suarez, David E. Swayne
Open Access

Structure and Assembly
Structural Definition of Duck Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecules That Might Explain Efficient Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Immunity to Influenza A Virus
Yanan Wu, Junya Wang, Shuhua Fan, Rong Chen, Yanjie Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Hongyu Yuan, Ruiying Liang, Nianzhi Zhang, Chun Xia
Open Access

Pathogenesis and Immunity
Immune Escape Variants of H9N2 Influenza Viruses Containing Deletions at the Hemagglutinin Receptor Binding Site Retain Fitness In Vivo and Display Enhanced Zoonotic Characteristics
Thomas P. Peacock, Donald J. Benton, Joe James, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Pengxiang Chang, Joshua E. Sealy, Juliet E. Bryant, Stephen R. Martin, Holly Shelton, Wendy S. Barclay, Munir Iqbal
Genetic Diversity and Evolution
Molecular Evolution and Emergence of H5N6 Avian Influenza Virus in Central China
Yingying Du, Mingyue Chen, Jiayun Yang, Yane Jia, Shufang Han, Edward C. Holmes, Jie Cui
Genetic Diversity and Evolution
Low-Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus
Yifei Xu, Andrew M. Ramey, Andrew S. Bowman, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Mary L. Killian, Scott Krauss, Jacqueline M. Nolting, Mia Kim Torchetti, Andrew B. Reeves, Richard J. Webby, David E. Stallknecht, Xiu-Feng Wan
Pathogenesis and Immunity
M Gene Reassortment in H9N2 Influenza Virus Promotes Early Infection and Replication: Contribution to Rising Virus Prevalence in Chickens in China
Juan Pu, Honglei Sun, Yi Qu, Chenxi Wang, Weihua Gao, Junda Zhu, Yipeng Sun, Yuhai Bi, Yinhua Huang, Kin-Chow Chang, Jie Cui, Jinhua Liu
Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
Vaccine Efficacy of Inactivated, Chimeric Hemagglutinin H9/H5N2 Avian Influenza Virus and Its Suitability for the Marker Vaccine Strategy
Se Mi Kim, Young-Il Kim, Su-Jin Park, Eun-Ha Kim, Hyeok-il Kwon, Young-Jae Si, In-Won Lee, Min-Suk Song, Young Ki Choi
Genetic Diversity and Evolution
Genesis and Dissemination of Highly Pathogenic H5N6 Avian Influenza Viruses
Lei Yang, Wenfei Zhu, Xiaodan Li, Hong Bo, Ye Zhang, Shumei Zou, Rongbao Gao, Jie Dong, Xiang Zhao, Wenbing Chen, Libo Dong, Xiaohui Zou, Yongcai Xing, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu

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Influenza in Birds

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