gammaherpesvirus
Pathogenesis and ImmunityConserved Gammaherpesvirus Protein Kinase Selectively Promotes Irrelevant B Cell ResponsesGammaherpesviruses are ubiquitous cancer-associated pathogens that usurp the B cell differentiation process to establish life-long latent infection in memory B cells. A unique feature of early gammaherpesvirus infection is the robust increase in differentiation of B cells that are not specific for viral antigens and instead encode antibodies that react with self-antigens and antigens of other species. Viral mechanisms that are involved...
Virus-Cell InteractionsRhesus Macaque Rhadinovirus Encodes a Viral Interferon Regulatory Factor To Disrupt Promyelocytic Leukemia Nuclear Bodies and Antagonize Type I Interferon SignalingKSHV and RRV encode a unique set of homologs of cellular IFN regulatory factors, termed vIRFs, which are hypothesized to help these viruses evade the innate immune response and establish infections in their respective hosts. Our work elucidates the role of one RRV vIRF, R12, and demonstrates that RRV can dampen the type I IFN response downstream of IFN signaling, which would be important for establishing a successful infection in...
Pathogenesis and ImmunityLXR Alpha Restricts Gammaherpesvirus Reactivation from Latently Infected Peritoneal CellsLiver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors that mediate cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis. Importantly, as ligand-activated transcription factors, LXRs represent potential targets for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Here, we demonstrate that LXRα, one of the two LXR isoforms, restricts reactivation of latent gammaherpesvirus from peritoneal cells. As gammaherpesviruses are ubiquitous oncogenic agents...
Pathogenesis and Immunity | SpotlightA Human Gain-of-Function STING Mutation Causes Immunodeficiency and Gammaherpesvirus-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in MiceA variety of human rheumatologic disease-causing mutations have recently been identified. Some of these mutations are found in viral nucleic acid-sensing proteins, but whether viruses can influence the onset or progression of these human diseases is less well understood. One such autoinflammatory disease, called STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), affects children and leads to severe lung disease. We generated...
- Pathogenesis and ImmunityGammaherpesvirus Colonization of the Spleen Requires Lytic Replication in B Cells
- Pathogenesis and Immunity | SpotlightThe Major Envelope Glycoprotein of Murid Herpesvirus 4 Promotes Sexual Transmission