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dendritic cells

  • Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Engages CD83 and Promotes Pulmonary Injury
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Engages CD83 and Promotes Pulmonary Injury

    The massive release of circulating mediators of inflammation is responsible for lung injury during influenza A virus infection. This phenomenon is referred to as the “cytokine storm.” However, the mechanism by which influenza induces the cytokine storm is not fully understood.

    Ning Ma, Xingjie Li, Hongyu Jiang, Yulong Dai, Guofeng Xu, Zongde Zhang
  • Open Access
    IRF5 Promotes Influenza Virus-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myeloid Cells and Murine Models
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    IRF5 Promotes Influenza Virus-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myeloid Cells and Murine Models

    The inflammatory response to influenza A virus (IAV) participates in infection control but contributes to disease severity. After viral detection, intracellular pathways are activated, initiating cytokine production, but these pathways are incompletely understood. We show that interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) mediates IAV-induced inflammation and, in mice, drives pathology. This was independent of antiviral type 1 IFN and virus...

    Jessica L. Forbester, Mathew Clement, Dannielle Wellington, Amy Yeung, Sandra Dimonte, Morgan Marsden, Lucy Chapman, Eve L. Coomber, Charlotte Tolley, Emily Lees, Christine Hale, Simon Clare, Irina Udalova, Tao Dong, Gordon Dougan, Ian R. Humphreys
  • Open Access
    Differential Modulation of Innate Immune Responses in Human Primary Cells by Influenza A Viruses Carrying Human or Avian Nonstructural Protein 1
    Cellular Response to Infection
    Differential Modulation of Innate Immune Responses in Human Primary Cells by Influenza A Viruses Carrying Human or Avian Nonstructural Protein 1

    Influenza A viruses (IAVs) cause seasonal epidemics which result in an important health and economic burden. Wild aquatic birds are the natural host of IAV. However, IAV can infect diverse hosts, including humans, domestic poultry, pigs, and others. IAVs circulating in animals occasionally cross the species barrier, infecting humans, which results in mild to very severe disease. In some cases, these viruses can acquire the ability to be...

    Paula L. Monteagudo, Raquel Muñoz-Moreno, Miguel Fribourg, Uma Potla, Ignacio Mena, Nada Marjanovic, Boris M. Hartmann, Stuart C. Sealfon, Adolfo García-Sastre, Irene Ramos, Ana Fernández-Sesma
  • STAT5: a Target of Antagonism by Neurotropic Flaviviruses
    Cellular Response to Infection | Spotlight
    STAT5: a Target of Antagonism by Neurotropic Flaviviruses

    Flaviviruses are a diverse group of insect-borne viruses responsible for numerous significant public health threats. Previously, we used a computational biology approach to define molecular signatures of antiviral DC responses following activation of innate immune signaling or infection with West Nile virus (WNV). In this work, we identify STAT5 as a regulator of DC activation and antiviral immune responses downstream of innate immune...

    Matthew G. Zimmerman, James R. Bowen, Circe E. McDonald, Ellen Young, Ralph S. Baric, Bali Pulendran, Mehul S. Suthar
  • West Nile Virus Infection Blocks Inflammatory Response and T Cell Costimulatory Capacity of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
    Cellular Response to Infection | Spotlight
    West Nile Virus Infection Blocks Inflammatory Response and T Cell Costimulatory Capacity of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

    West Nile virus (WNV) is an encephalitic flavivirus that remains endemic in the United States. Previous studies have found dysfunctional T cell responses correlate to severe disease outcomes during human WNV infection. Here, we sought to better understand the ability of WNV to program human dendritic cells (DCs) to prime WNV-specific T cell responses. While productive infection of monocyte-derived DCs activated antiviral and type I...

    Matthew G. Zimmerman, James R. Bowen, Circe E. McDonald, Bali Pulendran, Mehul S. Suthar
  • Open Access
    Lack of Activation Marker Induction and Chemokine Receptor Switch in Human Neonatal Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Response to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Lack of Activation Marker Induction and Chemokine Receptor Switch in Human Neonatal Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Response to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus

    Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes disease early in life and can reinfect symptomatically throughout life without undergoing significant antigenic change. In contrast, reinfection by influenza A virus (IAV) requires antigenic change. The adaptive immune response depends on antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DC). We used myeloid DC (mDC) from cord blood and adult blood donors to evaluate whether immunological immaturity...

    Cyril Le Nouën, Philippa Hillyer, Eric Levenson, Craig Martens, Ronald L. Rabin, Peter L. Collins, Ursula J. Buchholz
  • Interference with SAMHD1 Restores Late Gene Expression of Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara in Human Dendritic Cells and Abrogates Type I Interferon Expression
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Interference with SAMHD1 Restores Late Gene Expression of Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara in Human Dendritic Cells and Abrogates Type I Interferon Expression

    SAMHD1 is a phosphohydrolase and reduces cellular dNTP concentrations, which impairs poxviral DNA replication. The simian SIV accessory protein Vpx promotes degradation of SAMHD1, leading to increased cellular dNTP concentrations. Vpx addition enables poxviral DNA replication in human dendritic cells (DCs), as well as the expression of viral late proteins, which is normally blocked. SAMHD1 function during modified vaccinia virus Ankara...

    Katja Sliva, Judith Martin, Christine von Rhein, Tobias Herrmann, Anastasia Weyrich, Masako Toda, Barbara S. Schnierle
  • Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9 Cooperate in Detection of Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infection
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9 Cooperate in Detection of Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infection

    The two human gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), can cause aggressive forms of cancer. These herpesviruses are strictly host specific, and therefore the homolog murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) is a widely used model to obtain in vivo insights into the interaction between these two gammaherpesviruses and their host. Like EBV and KSHV, MHV68 establishes lifelong...

    Kendra A. Bussey, Sripriya Murthy, Elisa Reimer, Baca Chan, Bastian Hatesuer, Klaus Schughart, Britt Glaunsinger, Heiko Adler, Melanie M. Brinkmann
  • Cellular Response to Infection
    Batf3-Dependent Dendritic Cells Promote Optimal CD8 T Cell Responses against Respiratory Poxvirus Infection

    During respiratory infection with vaccinia virus (VacV), a member of Poxviridae family, CD8+ T cells play important role in resolving the primary infection. Effector CD8+ T cells clear the virus by accumulating in the infected lungs in large numbers and secreting molecules such as IFN-γ that kill virally infected cells. However, precise cell...

    Pritesh Desai, Vikas Tahiliani, Georges Abboud, Jessica Stanfield, Shahram Salek-Ardakani
  • Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
    Efficient Delivery of Human Cytomegalovirus T Cell Antigens by Attenuated Sendai Virus Vectors
    Richard Kiener, Markus Fleischmann, Marian Alexander Wiegand, Niels A. W. Lemmermann, Christiane Schwegler, Christine Kaufmann, Angelique Renzaho, Simone Thomas, Eva Felder, Hans Helmut Niller, Benedikt Asbach, Ralf Wagner

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