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cholesterol

  • Open Access
    Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 Is a Virus-Associated Protein Which Suppresses Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Blocking Viral Membrane Fusion
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 Is a Virus-Associated Protein Which Suppresses Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Blocking Viral Membrane Fusion

    Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which is caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), is of great economic significance to the swine industry. Due to the complicated immune escape mechanisms of PRRSV, there are no effective vaccines or therapeutic drugs currently available against PRRS. Identification of cellular factors and underlying mechanisms that establish an effective antiviral state against PRRSV can provide unique...

    Angke Zhang, Hong Duan, Huijun Zhao, Huancheng Liao, Yongkun Du, Liangliang Li, Dawei Jiang, Bo Wan, Yanan Wu, Pengchao Ji, En-Min Zhou, Gaiping Zhang
  • Palmitoylated Cysteines in Chikungunya Virus nsP1 Are Critical for Targeting to Cholesterol-Rich Plasma Membrane Microdomains with Functional Consequences for Viral Genome Replication
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Palmitoylated Cysteines in Chikungunya Virus nsP1 Are Critical for Targeting to Cholesterol-Rich Plasma Membrane Microdomains with Functional Consequences for Viral Genome Replication

    Functional alphavirus replication complexes are anchored to the host cell membranes through the interaction of nsP1 with the lipid bilayers. In this work, we investigate the importance of cholesterol for such an association. We show that nsP1 has affinity for cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains formed at the plasma membrane and identify conserved palmitoylated cysteine(s) in nsP1 as the key determinant for cholesterol affinity. We...

    William Bakhache, Aymeric Neyret, Eric Bernard, Andres Merits, Laurence Briant
  • Cholesterol Binding to the Transmembrane Region of a Group 2 Hemagglutinin (HA) of Influenza Virus Is Essential for Virus Replication, Affecting both Virus Assembly and HA Fusion Activity
    Structure and Assembly
    Cholesterol Binding to the Transmembrane Region of a Group 2 Hemagglutinin (HA) of Influenza Virus Is Essential for Virus Replication, Affecting both Virus Assembly and HA Fusion Activity

    The glycoprotein HA is a major pathogenicity factor of influenza viruses. Whereas the structure and function of HA’s ectodomain is known in great detail, similar data for the membrane-anchoring part of the protein are missing. Here, we demonstrate that the transmembrane region of a group 2 HA interacts with cholesterol, the major lipid of the plasma membrane and the defining element of the viral budding site nanodomains of the plasma...

    Bodan Hu, Chris Tina Höfer, Christoph Thiele, Michael Veit
  • A Single Point Mutation in the Rhinovirus 2B Protein Reduces the Requirement for Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Class III Beta in Viral Replication
    Cellular Response to Infection
    A Single Point Mutation in the Rhinovirus 2B Protein Reduces the Requirement for Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Class III Beta in Viral Replication

    Human rhinoviruses (RVs) are the major cause of the common cold worldwide. They cause asthmatic exacerbations and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Despite recent advances, the development of antivirals and vaccines has proven difficult due to the high number and variability of RV types. The identification of critical host factors and their interactions with viral proteins and membrane lipids for the establishment of viral...

    Pascal S. Roulin, Luca P. Murer, Urs F. Greber
  • Open Access
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
    Inefficient HIV-1 trans Infection of CD4+ T Cells by Macrophages from HIV-1 Nonprogressors Is Associated with Altered Membrane Cholesterol and DC-SIGN
    Diana C. DeLucia, Charles R. Rinaldo, Giovanna Rappocciolo
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    Model of OSBP-Mediated Cholesterol Supply to Aichi Virus RNA Replication Sites Involving Protein-Protein Interactions among Viral Proteins, ACBD3, OSBP, VAP-A/B, and SAC1
    Kumiko Ishikawa-Sasaki, Shigeo Nagashima, Koki Taniguchi, Jun Sasaki
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    Hepatitis C Virus Replication Depends on Endosomal Cholesterol Homeostasis
    Ina Karen Stoeck, Ji-Young Lee, Keisuke Tabata, Inés Romero-Brey, David Paul, Philipp Schult, Volker Lohmann, Lars Kaderali, Ralf Bartenschlager
  • Virus-Cell Interactions | Spotlight
    Both Sphingomyelin and Cholesterol in the Host Cell Membrane Are Essential for Rubella Virus Entry
    Noriyuki Otsuki, Masafumi Sakata, Kyoko Saito, Kiyoko Okamoto, Yoshio Mori, Kentaro Hanada, Makoto Takeda
  • Open Access
    Virus-Cell Interactions
    Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Enters Neuro-2a Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in a Rab5-, Cholesterol-, and pH-Dependent Manner
    Zi Li, Kui Zhao, Yungang Lan, Xiaoling Lv, Shiyu Hu, Jiyu Guan, Huijun Lu, Jing Zhang, Junchao Shi, Yawen Yang, Deguang Song, Feng Gao, Wenqi He
  • Virus-Cell Interactions
    Cellular Cholesterol Facilitates the Postentry Replication Cycle of Herpes Simplex Virus 1
    George A. Wudiri, Anthony V. Nicola

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