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Genetic Diversity and Evolution

Phylogenetic Analysis of Murine Leukemia Virus Sequences from Longitudinally Sampled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients Suggests PCR Contamination Rather than Viral Evolution

Aris Katzourakis, Stéphane Hué, Paul Kellam, Greg J. Towers
Aris Katzourakis
1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
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Stéphane Hué
2MRC Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 90 Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Paul Kellam
2MRC Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 90 Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
3Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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Greg J. Towers
2MRC Centre for Medical Molecular Virology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 90 Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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  • For correspondence: g.towers@ucl.ac.uk
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00827-11
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ABSTRACT

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related virus (XMRV) has been amplified from human prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patient samples. Other studies failed to replicate these findings and suggested PCR contamination with a prostate cancer cell line, 22Rv1, as a likely source. MLV-like sequences have also been detected in CFS patients in longitudinal samples 15 years apart. Here, we tested whether sequence data from these samples are consistent with viral evolution. Our phylogenetic analyses strongly reject a model of within-patient evolution and demonstrate that the sequences from the first and second time points represent distinct endogenous murine retroviruses, suggesting contamination.

FOOTNOTES

    • Received 22 April 2011.
    • Accepted 1 August 2011.
    • Accepted manuscript posted online 17 August 2011.
  • ↵‡ Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00827-11.

  • Copyright © 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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Phylogenetic Analysis of Murine Leukemia Virus Sequences from Longitudinally Sampled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients Suggests PCR Contamination Rather than Viral Evolution
Aris Katzourakis, Stéphane Hué, Paul Kellam, Greg J. Towers
Journal of Virology Sep 2011, 85 (20) 10909-10913; DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00827-11

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Phylogenetic Analysis of Murine Leukemia Virus Sequences from Longitudinally Sampled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients Suggests PCR Contamination Rather than Viral Evolution
Aris Katzourakis, Stéphane Hué, Paul Kellam, Greg J. Towers
Journal of Virology Sep 2011, 85 (20) 10909-10913; DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00827-11
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