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Journal Article | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

A critical role for the TAR element in promoting efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription.

D Harrich, C Ulich, R B Gaynor
D Harrich
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C Ulich
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R B Gaynor
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ABSTRACT

The regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression is dependent on the transactivator protein Tat and an RNA element extending from the transcription initiation site to +57 known as TAR. TAR forms a stable RNA secondary structure which is critical for high levels of HIV-1 gene expression and efficient viral replication. Using a genetic approach, we isolated HIV-1 mutants in TAR that were competent for high levels of gene expression but yet were markedly defective for viral replication. Single-cycle infections with these viruses demonstrated that they were defective in the initiation of reverse transcription. Additional mutational analysis revealed a variety of other HIV-1 TAR mutants with the same defective phenotype. Thus, in addition to the well-characterized role of the primer binding site, other RNA elements within the HIV-1 genome are also critical in the regulation of reverse transcription. These studies demonstrate that HIV-1 TAR RNA is a key regulator of the reverse transcription and illustrate how a unique RNA structure can modulate diverse regulatory processes in the HIV-1 life cycle crucial for efficient viral replication.

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A critical role for the TAR element in promoting efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription.
D Harrich, C Ulich, R B Gaynor
Journal of Virology Jun 1996, 70 (6) 4017-4027; DOI:

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A critical role for the TAR element in promoting efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription.
D Harrich, C Ulich, R B Gaynor
Journal of Virology Jun 1996, 70 (6) 4017-4027; DOI:
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