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J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.02474-07
Copyright (c) 2007, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

High PD-1 expression on HCV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells during acute Hepatitis C irrespective of clinical outcome

Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street 6th Floor Room 6001, Charlestown, MA 02129-2000 USA, Med. Klinik I, Universität Hamburg, Germany, Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hosptital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Boston, MA Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK, Departmento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: glauer{at}partners.org.

	Abstract

We monitored expression of PD-1 (a mediator of T cell exhaustion and viral persistence) on HCV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from blood and liver during acute, chronic and resolved infection. PD-1 expression on HCV-specific T cells was high early in acute infection irrespective of clinical outcome, and most cells continued to express PD-1 in resolved and chronic stages of infection; intrahepatic expression levels were especially high. Our results suggest that analysis of PD-1 expression alone is not sufficient to predict infection outcome or determine T cell functionality in HCV infection.