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Journal of Virology, February 2009, p. 1952-1961, Vol. 83, No. 4
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01578-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Role for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Immune Control of Recurrent Human Herpes Simplex Virus Infection{triangledown}

Heather Donaghy,1 Lidija Bosnjak,1,{dagger} Andrew N. Harman,1,2 Valerie Marsden,1 Stephen K. Tyring,3 Tze-Chiang Meng,4 and Anthony L. Cunningham1,2*

Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute,1 University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,2 UT Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas,3 3M Company, St. Paul, Minnesota4

Received 25 July 2008/ Accepted 29 November 2008

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are an important component of the innate immune response, producing large amounts of alpha interferon in response to viral stimulation in vitro. Under noninflammatory conditions, pDC are not found in the skin and are restricted in location to the blood and lymph nodes. Therefore, their role in mucosal and cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has not been well-defined. In this study we show a role for human pDC in the immune response to HSV infection. First, by confocal microscopy we showed that pDC infiltrate the dermis of recurrent genital herpes simplex lesions at early and late phases, often at the dermo-epidermal junction. We then showed that pDC in vitro are resistant to HSV infection despite expressing the entry receptors CD111, CD112, and HVE-A. Within the lesions, pDC were found closely associated with CD3+ lymphocytes and NK cells, especially those which were activated (CD69+). Furthermore, these HSV-exposed pDC were able to stimulate virus-specific autologous T-lymphocyte proliferation. We conclude from this work that pDC may contribute to the immune control of recurrent herpes virus infection in vivo.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, P.O. Box 412, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. Phone: 61 2 98459000. Fax: 61 2 98459100. E-mail: tony_cunningham{at}wmi.usyd.edu.au

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 10 December 2008.

{dagger} Present address: Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Virology, February 2009, p. 1952-1961, Vol. 83, No. 4
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01578-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Peng, T., Zhu, J., Klock, A., Phasouk, K., Huang, M.-L., Koelle, D. M., Wald, A., Corey, L. (2009). Evasion of the Mucosal Innate Immune System by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2. J. Virol. 83: 12559-12568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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