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Journal of Virology, July 2009, p. 7117-7128, Vol. 83, No. 14
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01648-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nef-Induced CD4 Endocytosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Host Cells: Role of p56lck Kinase{triangledown} ,§

Nadine Laguette,1,2 Christelle Brégnard,1,2 Jérôme Bouchet,1,2 Alexandre Benmerah,1,2 Serge Benichou,1,2* and Stéphane Basmaciogullari1,2*

Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France,1 Inserm U567, Paris, France2

Received 1 August 2008/ Accepted 29 April 2009

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Nef interferes with the endocytic machinery to modulate the cell surface expression of CD4. However, the basal trafficking of CD4 is governed by different rules in the target cells of HIV-1: whereas CD4 is rapidly internalized from the cell surface in myeloid cells, CD4 is stabilized at the plasma membrane through its interaction with the p56lck kinase in lymphoid cells. In this study, we showed that Nef was able to downregulate CD4 in both lymphoid and myeloid cell lines but that an increase in the internalization rate of CD4 could be observed only in lymphoid cells. Expression of p56lck in nonlymphoid CD4-expressing cells restores the ability of Nef in order to increase the internalization rate of CD4. Concurrent with this observation, the expression of a p56lck-binding-deficient mutant of CD4 in lymphoid cells abrogates the Nef-induced acceleration of CD4 internalization. We also show that the expression of Nef causes a decrease in the association of p56lck with cell surface-expressed CD4. Regardless of the presence of p56lck, the downregulation of CD4 by Nef was followed by CD4 degradation. Our results imply that Nef uses distinct mechanisms to downregulate the cell surface expression levels of CD4 in either lymphoid or myeloid target cells of HIV-1.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France. Phone for Stéphane Basmaciogullari: (33) 1 40 51 65 80. Fax: (33) 1 40 51 65 70. E-mail: stephane.basmaciogullari{at}inserm.fr. Phone for Serge Benichou: (33) 1 40 51 65 78. Fax: (33) 1 40 51 65 70. E-mail: serge.benichou{at}inserm.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 May 2009.

§ Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org/.

Journal of Virology, July 2009, p. 7117-7128, Vol. 83, No. 14
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01648-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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