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Journal of Virology, December 2008, p. 11545-11554, Vol. 82, No. 23
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01160-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phylogenetic Analysis of the Species Theilovirus: Emerging Murine and Human Pathogens{triangledown}

Zhiguo Liang,1 A. S. Manoj Kumar,3 Morris S. Jones,4 Nick J. Knowles,5 and Howard L. Lipton1,2*

Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine,1 Microbiology-Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,2 Biotechnology Division, Reliance Industries, Mumbai, India,3 Clinical Investigations Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis Air Force Base, California,4 Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom5

Received 3 June 2008/ Accepted 18 September 2008

The Cardiovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae includes two distinct species, Encephalomyocarditis virus and Theilovirus. We now report the complete nucleotide sequences of three Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) strains (TO Yale, TOB15, and Vie 415HTR) and of Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis virus (VHEV). This information, together with the recently reported sequences of divergent theiloviruses (Theiler's-like rat virus [TRV] and Saffold viruses 1 and 2 [SAFV-1 and SAFV-2]), enables an updated phylogenetic analysis as well as a reexamination of several gene products important in the pathogenesis of this emerging group of viruses. In the light of the known neurotropism of TMEV and the new human SAFV-1 and SAFV-2, the resulting data suggest the existence of theiloviruses that cause human central nervous system infections. Our phylogenetic analyses point to the classification of presently known theiloviruses into five types: TMEV, VHEV, TRV, SAFV-1, and SAFV-2.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology-Immunology, MC 790, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Chicago, IL 60612-7344. Phone: (312) 996-5754. Fax: (312) 355-3581. E-mail: hlipton{at}uic.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 24 September 2008.

Journal of Virology, December 2008, p. 11545-11554, Vol. 82, No. 23
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01160-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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