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Journal of Virology, October 2008, p. 10079-10087, Vol. 82, No. 20
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00816-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Vaccinia Virus WR53.5/F14.5 Protein Is a New Component of Intracellular Mature Virus and Is Important for Calcium-Independent Cell Adhesion and Vaccinia Virus Virulence in Mice{triangledown}

Roza Izmailyan and Wen Chang*

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Republic of China

Received 16 April 2008/ Accepted 2 August 2008

The vaccinia virus WR53.5L/F14.5L gene encodes a small conserved protein that was not detected previously. However, additional proteomic analyses of different vaccinia virus isolates and strains revealed that the WR53.5 protein was incorporated into intracellular mature virus (IMV). The WR53.5 protein contains a putative N-terminal transmembrane region and a short C-terminal region. Protease digestion removed the C terminus of WR53.5 protein from IMV particles, suggesting a similar topology to that of the IMV type II transmembrane protein. We generated a recombinant vaccinia virus, vi53.5L, that expressed WR53.5 protein under isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) regulation and found that the vaccinia virus life cycle proceeded normally with or without IPTG, suggesting that WR53.5 protein is not essential for vaccinia virus growth in cell cultures. Interestingly, the C-terminal region of WR53.5 protein was exposed on the cell surface of infected cells and mediated calcium-independent cell adhesion. Finally, viruses with inactivated WR53.5L gene expression exhibited reduced virulence in mice when animals were inoculated intranasally, demonstrating that WR53.5 protein was required for virus virulence in vivo. In summary, we identified a new vaccinia IMV envelope protein, WR53.5, that mediates cell adhesion and is important for virus virulence in vivo.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Rd., Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Republic of China. Phone: 886 2 2789 9230. Fax: 886 2 2782 6085. E-mail: mbwen{at}ccvax.sinica.edu.tw

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 6 August 2008.

Journal of Virology, October 2008, p. 10079-10087, Vol. 82, No. 20
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00816-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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