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Journal of Virology, May 2007, p. 4819-4827, Vol. 81, No. 9
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02284-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Bluetongue Virus Entry into Cells{triangledown}

Mario Forzan,1 Mark Marsh,2 and Polly Roy1*

Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1 7HT, United Kingdom,1 Cell Biology Unit, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom2

Received 18 October 2006/ Accepted 23 January 2007

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a member of the Orbivirus genus within the Reoviridae family. Like those of other members of the family, BTV particles are nonenveloped and contain two distinct capsids, namely, an outer capsid and an inner capsid or core. The two outer capsid proteins, VP2 and VP5, are involved in BTV entry into cells and in the delivery of the transcriptionally active core to the target cell cytoplasm. However, very little is known about the precise mechanism of BTV entry. In this report, using RNA interference, we demonstrate that inhibition of the clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway correlates with reduced BTV internalization and subsequent replication. Furthermore, by using the ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1, we show that exposure of the virus to acidic pH is required for productive infection. Moreover, microscopic analysis of cells incubated with BTV indicated that the virus is internalized into early endosomes, where separation of the outer capsid and inner core occurs. Together, our data indicate that BTV undergoes low-pH-induced penetration in early endosomes following clathrin-mediated endocytosis from the plasma membrane, supporting a stepwise model for BTV entry and penetration.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1 7HT, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 20 7927 2324. Fax: 44 20 7927 2839. E-mail: polly.roy{at}lshtm.ac.uk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 31 January 2007.

Journal of Virology, May 2007, p. 4819-4827, Vol. 81, No. 9
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02284-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Bhattacharya, B., Roy, P. (2008). Bluetongue Virus Outer Capsid Protein VP5 Interacts with Membrane Lipid Rafts via a SNARE Domain. J. Virol. 82: 10600-10612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Roy, P. (2008). Bluetongue virus: dissection of the polymerase complex. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 1789-1804 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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