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Journal of Virology, March 2007, p. 2283-2296, Vol. 81, No. 5
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01677-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

RNA Binding by the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Protein UL47 Is Mediated by an N-Terminal Arginine-Rich Domain That Also Functions as Its Nuclear Localization Signal{triangledown}

Michelle Donnelly, Janneke Verhagen, and Gillian Elliott*

Virus Assembly Group, Marie Curie Research Institute, Oxted, Surrey, United Kingdom

Received 3 August 2006/ Accepted 6 December 2006

The function of the alphaherpesvirus UL47 tegument protein has not yet been defined. Nonetheless, previous studies with transfected cells have shown that both the herpes simplex virus type 1 homologue (hUL47, or VP13/14) and the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) homologue (bUL47, or VP8) have the capacity to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Furthermore, hUL47 packaged into the virion has also been shown to bind several individual virus-specific RNA transcripts. Here, we extend these observations and show that hUL47 binds a wide range of RNA species in vitro. It has a high affinity for polyadenylated transcripts but has no apparent selectivity for virus-encoded RNA over cellular RNA. We also show that the virion population of bUL47 binds RNA in vitro. However, while purified recombinant hUL47 retains its RNA binding activity, recombinant bUL47 does not, suggesting that the BHV-1 homologue may require virus-induced modification for its activity. We identify the minimal RNA binding domain in hUL47 as a 26-residue N-terminal peptide containing an arginine-rich motif that is essential but not sufficient for optimal RNA binding, and we demonstrate that this RNA binding domain incorporates the hUL47 minimal nuclear localization signal. In addition, we show that soon after hUL47 is expressed during infection, it colocalizes in the infected cell nucleus with ICP4, the major virus transcriptional activator. Using RNA immunoprecipitations, we demonstrate that hUL47 is also bound in vivo to at least one viral transcript, the ICP0 mRNA. Taken together, these results suggest that hUL47 may play a role in RNA biogenesis in the infected cell.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Virus Assembly Group, Marie Curie Research Institute, Oxted, Surrey RH8 OTL, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 1883 722306. Fax: 44 1883 714375. E-mail: g.elliott{at}mcri.ac.uk.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 December 2006.

Journal of Virology, March 2007, p. 2283-2296, Vol. 81, No. 5
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01677-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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