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Journal of Virology, February 2007, p. 2039-2046, Vol. 81, No. 4
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02167-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Persistent Antigen Presentation after Acute Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Infection{triangledown}

Damian L. Turner, Linda S. Cauley, Kamal M. Khanna, and Leo Lefrançois*

Department of Immunology, Center for Integrative Immunology and Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-1319

Received 3 October 2006/ Accepted 17 November 2006

Long-term antigen expression is believed to play an important role in modulation of T-cell responses to chronic virus infections. However, recent studies suggest that immune responses may occur late after apparently acute infections. We have now analyzed the CD8 T-cell response to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which is thought to cause to an infection characterized by rapid virus clearance by innate and adaptive immune system components. Unexpectedly, virus-encoded antigen was detectable more than 6 weeks after intranasal VSV infection in both draining and nondraining lymph nodes by adoptively transferred CD8 T cells. Infection with Listeria monocytogenes expressing the same antigen did not result in prolonged antigen presentation. Weeks after VSV infection, discrete T-cell clustering with dendritic cells within the lymph node was observed after transfer of antigen-specific CD8 T cells. Moreover, memory CD8 T cells as defined by phenotype and function were generated from naïve CD8 T cells entering the response late after infection. These findings suggested that protracted antigen presentation after an apparently acute virus infection may contribute to an ongoing antiviral immune response.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, M/C 1319, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1319. Phone: (860) 679-3242. Fax: (860) 679-1868. E-mail: llefranc{at}neuron.uchc.edu.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 6 December 2006.

Journal of Virology, February 2007, p. 2039-2046, Vol. 81, No. 4
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02167-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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