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Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 11908-11916, Vol. 81, No. 21
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01132-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Adeno-Associated Viruses Can Induce Phosphorylation of eIF2{alpha} via PKR Activation, Which Can Be Overcome by Helper Adenovirus Type 5 Virus-Associated RNA{triangledown}

Ramnath Nayak and David J. Pintel*

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri—Columbia, School of Medicine, Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211

Received 24 May 2007/ Accepted 9 August 2007

Mutants of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) virus-associated RNA I deficient in inhibiting the activation and subsequent phosphorylation of protein kinase R (PKR) could neither function as helpers for adeno-associated virus type 5 (AAV5) replication nor enhance AAV5 protein accumulation in either the presence or absence of Ad5 E4Orf6 and E2a. Furthermore, a short region of the AAV5 capsid gene RNA leader sequence surrounding the AUG of VP1 could induce the phosphorylation of eIF2{alpha}. Both short interfering RNA directed against PKR and the addition of the herpes simplex virus ICP34.5 protein enhanced the accumulation of AAV5 capsid protein in the presence of the AAV5 capsid gene PKR-inducing element, suggesting that VA RNA acted to overcome direct AAV5-induced activation of PKR that led to the phosphorylation of eIF2{alpha}. The expression of both the closely related goat-derived AAV and the prototype AAV2 capsid gene transcription units also induced the phosphorylation of eIF2{alpha}, suggesting that the induction of the PKR/eIF2{alpha} cellular response may be a previously unrecognized general feature of at least the Dependovirus genus of the Parvovirinae.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 471f Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri—Columbia, 1201 Rollins Rd., Columbia, MO 65211. Phone: (573) 882-3920. Fax: (573) 884-9676. E-mail: pinteld{at}missouri.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 22 August 2007.

Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 11908-11916, Vol. 81, No. 21
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01132-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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