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Journal of Virology, October 2007, p. 10818-10821, Vol. 81, No. 19
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01116-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Mx1 Gene Protects Mice against the Pandemic 1918 and Highly Lethal Human H5N1 Influenza Viruses{triangledown}

Terrence M. Tumpey,1* Kristy J. Szretter,1 Neal Van Hoeven,1 Jacqueline M. Katz,1 Georg Kochs,2 Otto Haller,2 Adolfo García-Sastre,3,4,5 and Peter Staeheli2*

Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333,1 Department of Virology, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany,2 Department of Microbiology,3 Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases,4 Emerging Pathogens Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 100295

Received 23 May 2007/ Accepted 13 July 2007

Mice carrying a wild-type Mx1 gene (Mx1+/+) differ from standard laboratory mice (Mx1–/–) in being highly resistant to infection with common laboratory strains of influenza A virus. We report that Mx1 also protects mice against the pandemic human 1918 influenza virus and a highly lethal human H5N1 strain from Vietnam. Resistance to H5N1 of Mx1+/+ but not Mx1–/– mice was enhanced if the animals were treated with a single dose of exogenous alpha interferon before infection. Thus, the interferon-induced resistance factor Mx1 represents a key component of the murine innate immune system that mediates protection against epidemic and pandemic influenza viruses.

* Corresponding authors. Mailing address for Peter Staeheli: Department of Virology, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Phone: 49-761-203-6579. Fax: 49-761-203-5350. E-mail: peter.staeheli{at}uniklinik-freiburg.de. Mailing address for Terrence M. Tumpey: Immunology and Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Mail Stop G-16, 1600 Clifton Road, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-2350. Fax: (404) 639-5444. E-mail: tft9{at}cdc.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 25 July 2007.

Journal of Virology, October 2007, p. 10818-10821, Vol. 81, No. 19
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01116-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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