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Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4415-4421, Vol. 80, No. 9
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.9.4415-4421.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Expression Profiles of Endogenous Retroviruses in Old World Monkeys{dagger}

Anna Stengel,1,2 Christian Roos,3 Gerhard Hunsmann,4 Wolfgang Seifarth,5 Christine Leib-Mösch,1,5 and Alex D. Greenwood1,2*

Institute of Molecular Virology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg,1 Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, D-81675 Munich,2 Gene Bank of Primates, Department of Primate Genetics,3 Department for Virology and Immunology, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077, Göttingen,4 Medical Clinic III, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68305, Mannheim, Germany5

Received 17 August 2005/ Accepted 6 February 2006

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are a major component of the human genome and an active part of the transcriptome. Some HERVs play vital biological roles, while others potentially contribute to diseases. Many HERVs are relatively new in the primate genome, having entered or expanded after the lineages leading to the platyrrhines (New World monkeys) and catarrhines (Old World monkeys and apes) separated. Most HERVs are active in at least some tissues, though tissue specificity is common for most elements. We analyzed multiple tissues from several Old World monkeys using retroviral pol-based DNA microarrays and quantitative PCR methods to determine their ERV expression profiles. The results demonstrate that while many ERVs are active in nonhuman primates, overall the tissue expression specificity is unique to each species. Most striking is that while the majority of HERVs analyzed in this study are expressed in human brain, almost none are expressed in Old World monkey brains or are only weakly expressed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular Virology, Room 2028, Building 35, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Phone: 49 89-31874609. Fax: 49 89-31873329. E-mail: greenwood{at}gsf.de.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org.

Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4415-4421, Vol. 80, No. 9
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.9.4415-4421.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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