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Journal of Virology, October 2006, p. 10201-10207, Vol. 80, No. 20
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01098-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Induction of a Protective Immune Response against Viral Nervous Necrosis in the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax by Using Betanodavirus Virus-Like Particles

R. Thiéry,1* J. Cozien,1 J. Cabon,1 F. Lamour,1 M. Baud,1 and A. Schneemann2

French Food Safety Agency, BP 70, F-29280 Plouzané, France,1 Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 920372

Received 29 May 2006/ Accepted 26 July 2006

Betanodaviruses are causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN), a devastating disease of cultured marine fish worldwide. Virus particles contain a single type of coat protein that spontaneously assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) when expressed in a baculovirus expression system. In the present study, the immunogenicity of betanodavirus VLPs and the protection they confer against VNN in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax were investigated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seroneutralization tests performed on plasma from fish vaccinated intramuscularly with doses as low as 0.1 µg of VLPs indicated that the VLPs elicited the synthesis of specific antibetanodavirus antibodies with neutralizing activity. Moreover, fish vaccinated with VLPs were protected from challenge with live virus. Both the immune response and the protective effect against viral challenge were dose dependent. Reverse transcription-PCR data indicated that higher doses of vaccine also reduced the number of fish containing detectable quantities of betanodavirus RNA on day 30 after challenge. Taken together these data strongly support the hypothesis that VLPs obtained in the baculovirus expression system may represent an effective vaccine against VNN.

* Corresponding author. Present address: French Food Safety Agency, BP111, F-06902 Sophia Antipolis, France. Phone: 33 (0) 4 92 94 37 07. Fax: 33 (0) 4 92 94 37 01. E-mail: r.thiery{at}afssa.fr.

Journal of Virology, October 2006, p. 10201-10207, Vol. 80, No. 20
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01098-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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