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Journal of Virology, September 2006, p. 9144-9150, Vol. 80, No. 18
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00339-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Gender Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Associated with Interleukin 10 Promoter Polymorphism

Natalia Paladino,1,2 Hugo Fainboim,3 Graciela Theiler,1 Teresa Schroder,3 Alberto Eduardo Muñoz,4 Ana Claudia Flores,1 Omar Galdame,5 and Leonardo Fainboim1,2*

División Inmunogenética, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín,1 Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires,2 Unidad de Hepatología, Hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas F. J. Muñiz,3 Unidad de Hepatología, Hospital de Gastroenterología Dr. C. Bonorino Udaondo,4 Sección Hepatología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina5

Received 16 February 2006/ Accepted 29 June 2006

Elevated levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) were previously described for chronically hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. We determined by a sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing technique the IL-10 promoter genotypes in 286 Argentinean HCV patients grouped according to disease outcome. The GG genotype (position –1082) is known to be associated with high IL-10 production, GA is considered an intermediate producer, and AA is associated with low IL-10 production. We found an increase in frequency of the GG genotype in female patients who do not eliminate the virus (RNA+). In these patients, the GG frequency was 0.19, versus 0.10 in controls (P = 0.03). This association became more significant in those RNA+ female patients with elevated hepatic transaminases (GG frequency of 0.25; P = 0.0013). Additionally, this genotype frequency was higher in noncirrhotic female patients than in controls (GG frequency for noncirrhotic female patients was 0.31; P = 0.009). In RNA– patients, the GA frequency was elevated compared with that in controls (GA frequency of 0.76 in RNA– patients versus 0.48 in controls; P = 0.01), that in all HCV patients (GA frequency of 0.43; P = 0.001), and that in RNA+ patients (GA frequency of 0.40; P = 0.0005). We conclude that a gender effect is observed with women carrying the GG high IL-10 producer genotype. The higher levels of IL-10 present in those individuals are associated with a higher risk of an inefficient clearance of the HCV and the development of a chronic HCV infection together with a lower risk of progression to cirrhosis in female patients.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: División Inmunogenética, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Córdoba 2351, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina. Phone: 54-11-5950-8756. Fax: 54-11-5950-8758. E-mail: lfainboim{at}hospitaldeclinicas.uba.ar.

Journal of Virology, September 2006, p. 9144-9150, Vol. 80, No. 18
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00339-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Brooks, D. G., Lee, A. M., Elsaesser, H., McGavern, D. B., Oldstone, M. B.A. (2008). IL-10 blockade facilitates DNA vaccine-induced T cell responses and enhances clearance of persistent virus infection. JEM 205: 533-541 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Patsopoulos, N. A., Tatsioni, A., Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2007). Claims of Sex Differences: An Empirical Assessment in Genetic Associations. JAMA 298: 880-893 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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