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Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3127-3138, Vol. 79, No. 5
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.5.3127-3138.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen of Rhesus Monkey Rhadinovirus Inhibits Viral Replication through Repression of Orf50/Rta Transcriptional Activation

Scott M. DeWire1 and Blossom Damania1,2*

Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology,1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina2

Received 28 June 2004/ Accepted 29 September 2004

Rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (RRV) is a gamma-2-herpesvirus that is closely related to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8. We have previously reported that the transcript for RRV latency-associated nuclear antigen (R-LANA) is expressed during lytic replication in rhesus fibroblasts. In this article, we report the development of a latent culture system for RRV and show that mRNA specific for R-LANA is expressed during latency as well. We have characterized the R-LANA protein and demonstrate that it exhibits a nuclear speckled localization and possesses the ability to homodimerize. When expressed in rhesus fibroblasts, R-LANA can inhibit RRV lytic replication in vitro. We have investigated the mechanism behind this inhibition and find that, while R-LANA itself has very little effect on lytic promoters, it can dramatically decrease the transactivation function of RRV Orf50 (Rta), which is the major viral transcription factor. We further show that the mechanism for this repression involves the recruitment of histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs), because R-LANA's ability to repress Orf50 transactivation is completely reversed by the addition of the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA). We also report that TSA alone can significantly reactivate RRV from latently infected cells. We propose that the repressive effects of R-LANA on RRV Orf50 transactivation serve to downregulate the transcription of early genes at late times during the lytic cycle and also help to maintain viral latency by preventing viral reactivation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, CB #7295, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Phone: (919) 843-6011. Fax: (919) 966-9673. E-mail: damania{at}med.unc.edu.

Journal of Virology, March 2005, p. 3127-3138, Vol. 79, No. 5
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.5.3127-3138.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Wen, K. W., Dittmer, D. P., Damania, B. (2009). Disruption of LANA in Rhesus Rhadinovirus Generates a Highly Lytic Recombinant Virus. J. Virol. 83: 9786-9802 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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