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Journal of Virology, August 2005, p. 10278-10288, Vol. 79, No. 16
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10278-10288.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Structure of the Dengue Virus Helicase/Nucleoside Triphosphatase Catalytic Domain at a Resolution of 2.4 Å

Ting Xu,1,{dagger} Aruna Sampath,2,{dagger} Alex Chao,2 Daying Wen,2 Max Nanao,4 Patrick Chene,3 Subhash G. Vasudevan,1,2 and Julien Lescar1*

School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60, Nanyang Drive Singapore 637551,1 Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, 10 Biopolis Road, Chromos Building, Singapore 138670,2 Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Oncology Department, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland,3 EMBL, Grenoble outstation, Grenoble, France, 380434

Received 11 March 2005/ Accepted 24 April 2005

Dengue fever is an important emerging public health concern, with several million viral infections occurring annually, for which no effective therapy currently exists. The NS3 protein from Dengue virus is a multifunctional protein of 69 kDa, endowed with protease, helicase, and nucleoside 5'-triphosphatase (NTPase) activities. Thus, NS3 plays an important role in viral replication and represents a very interesting target for the development of specific antiviral inhibitors. We present the structure of an enzymatically active fragment of the Dengue virus NTPase/helicase catalytic domain to 2.4 Å resolution. The structure is composed of three domains, displays an asymmetric distribution of charges on its surface, and contains a tunnel large enough to accommodate single-stranded RNA. Its C-terminal domain adopts a new fold compared to the NS3 helicase of hepatitis C virus, which has interesting implications for the evolution of the Flaviviridae replication complex. A bound sulfate ion reveals residues involved in the metal-dependent NTPase catalytic mechanism. Comparison with the NS3 hepatitis C virus helicase complexed to single-stranded DNA would place the 3' single-stranded tail of a nucleic acid duplex in the tunnel that runs across the basic face of the protein. A possible model for the unwinding mechanism is proposed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60, Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551. Phone: (65) 6316 2859. Fax: (65) 6791 3856. E-mail: julien{at}ntu.edu.sg.

{dagger} These two authors have contributed equally to this work.

Journal of Virology, August 2005, p. 10278-10288, Vol. 79, No. 16
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10278-10288.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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