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Journal of Virology, July 2005, p. 9054-9061, Vol. 79, No. 14
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.14.9054-9061.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Plant Virus HC-Pro Is a Determinant of Eriophyid Mite Transmission

Drake C. Stenger,1* Gary L. Hein,2 Frederick E. Gildow,3 Kempton M. Horken,1 and Roy French1

United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583,1 Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska Panhandle Research Center, Scottsbluff, Nebraska 69361,2 Department of Plant Pathology, Buckhout Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 168023

Received 9 February 2005/ Accepted 25 March 2005

The eriophyid mite transmitted Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; genus Tritimovirus, family Potyviridae) shares a common genome organization with aphid transmitted species of the genus Potyvirus. Although both tritimoviruses and potyviruses encode helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) homologues (required for nonpersistent aphid transmission of potyviruses), sequence conservation is low (amino acid identity, ~16%), and a role for HC-Pro in semipersistent transmission of WSMV by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella [Keifer]) has not been investigated. Wheat curl mite transmissibility was abolished by replacement of WSMV HC-Pro with homologues of an aphid transmitted potyvirus (Turnip mosaic virus), a rymovirus (Agropyron mosaic virus) vectored by a different eriophyid mite, or a closely related tritimovirus (Oat necrotic mottle virus; ONMV) with no known vector. In contrast, both WSMV-Sidney 81 and a chimeric WSMV genome bearing HC-Pro of a divergent strain (WSMV-El Batán 3; 86% amino acid sequence identity) were efficiently transmitted by A. tosichella. Replacing portions of WSMV-Sidney 81 HC-Pro with the corresponding regions from ONMV showed that determinants of wheat curl mite transmission map to the 5'-proximal half of HC-Pro. WSMV genomes bearing HC-Pro of heterologous species retained the ability to form virions, indicating that loss of vector transmissibility was not a result of failure to encapsidate. Although titer in systemically infected leaves was reduced for all chimeric genomes relative to WSMV-Sidney 81, titer was not correlated with loss of vector transmissibility. Collectively, these results demonstrate for the first time that HC-Pro is required for virus transmission by a vector other than aphids.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service and Department of Plant Pathology, 344 Keim Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583. Phone: (402) 472-2710. Fax: (402) 472-4020. E-mail: dstenger{at}unlnotes.unl.edu.

Journal of Virology, July 2005, p. 9054-9061, Vol. 79, No. 14
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.14.9054-9061.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Stenger, D. C., Young, B. A., French, R. (2006). Random mutagenesis of wheat streak mosaic virus HC-Pro: non-infectious interfering mutations in a gene dispensable for systemic infection of plants. J. Gen. Virol. 87: 2741-2747 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stenger, D. C., French, R., Gildow, F. E. (2005). Complete Deletion of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus HC-Pro: a Null Mutant Is Viable for Systemic Infection. J. Virol. 79: 12077-12080 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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