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Journal of Virology, June 2005, p. 7738-7744, Vol. 79, No. 12
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.12.7738-7744.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of a Cell Population That Produces Alpha/Beta Interferon In Vitro and In Vivo in Response to Noncytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire RG20 7NN, United Kingdom

Received 13 June 2004/ Accepted 15 February 2005

In vitro infection of bovine cells of many origins with the cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (cpBVDV) results in the induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-/ß), whereas noncytopathogenic BVDV (ncpBVDV) isolates have been shown not to induce IFN-/ß in vitro. Similarly, cpBVDV induces IFN-/ß in the early bovine fetus, but ncpBVDV does not. However, acute infection of naïve cattle with ncpBVDV results in IFN-/ß production. In this study, we identified and characterized a minor population of cells, present in lymph nodes that produce IFN- in response to ncpBVDV. These cells expressed the myeloid markers CD14, CD11b, and CD172a but did not express CD4 and CD45RB. We also established that these cells produced IFN- in the absence of detectable productive infection.

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