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Journal of Virology, January 2005, p. 234-244, Vol. 79, No. 1
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.1.234-244.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

La Crosse Virus Nonstructural Protein NSs Counteracts the Effects of Short Interfering RNA

Samantha S. Soldan,1 Matthew L. Plassmeyer,1,2 Meghan K. Matukonis,1,2 and Francisco González-Scarano1*

Departments of Neurology and Microbiology,1 Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania2

Received 30 April 2004/ Accepted 30 August 2004

Through a process known as RNA interference (RNAi), double-stranded short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) silence gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. Recently, several viral proteins, including the nonstructural protein NSs of tomato spotted wilt virus (a plant-infecting bunyavirus), the interferon antagonist protein NS1 of influenza virus, and the E3L protein of vaccinia virus, have been shown to function as suppressors of RNAi, presumably as a counterdefense against cellular mechanisms that decrease viral production. La Crosse virus (LACV), a member of the California serogroup of orthobunyaviruses, has a trisegmented negative-stranded genome comprised of large (L), medium (M), and small (S) segments. To develop a strategy for segment-specific inhibition of transcription, we designed 13 synthetic siRNAs targeting specific RNA segments of the LACV genome that decreased LACV replication and antigen expression in mammalian (293T) and insect (C6/36) cells. Furthermore, NSs, a LACV nonstructural protein, markedly inhibited RNAi directed both against an LACV M segment construct and against a host gene (glyeraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), suggesting a possible role for this viral protein in the suppression of RNA silencing. Segment-specific siRNAs will be useful as a tool to analyze LACV transcription and replication and to obtain recombinant viruses. Additionally, NSs will help us to identify molecular pathways involved in RNAi and further define its role in the innate immune system.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dept. of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283. Phone: (215) 662-3360. Fax: (215) 662-3362. E-mail: scarano{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

Journal of Virology, January 2005, p. 234-244, Vol. 79, No. 1
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.79.1.234-244.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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