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Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 3133-3139, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.3133-3139.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Vaccinia Virus Infection during Murine Pregnancy: a New Pathogenesis Model for Vaccinia Fetalis{dagger}

Nicola Benning and Daniel E. Hassett*

The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037

Received 21 July 2003/ Accepted 10 November 2003

Vaccinia fetalis, the vertical transfer of vaccinia virus from mother to fetus, is a relatively rare but often fatal complication of primary vaccinia virus vaccination during pregnancy. To date there has been no attempt to develop an animal model to study the pathogenesis of this acute viral infection in vivo. Here we report that infection of gestating BALB/c mice by either intravenous or intraperitoneal routes with the Western Reserve strain of vaccinia virus results in the rapid colonization of the placenta and vertical transfer of virus to the developing fetus. Systemic maternal infections during gestation lead to the death of all offspring prior to or very shortly after birth. Using in situ hybridization for vaccinia virus mRNA to identify infected cells, we show that the virus initially colonizes cells lining maternal lacunae within the trophospongium layer of the placenta. The study of this model will significantly enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of fetal vaccinia virus infections and aid in the development of effective treatments designed to reduce the risk of vaccinia virus-associated complications during pregnancy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Scripps Research Institute CVN-9, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (858) 784-7497. Fax: (858) 784-7377. E-mail: dhassett{at}scripps.edu.

{dagger} Paper no. 5937-NP from the Scripps Research Institute.

Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 3133-3139, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.3133-3139.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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