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Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 2729-2737, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.2729-2737.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Rhinovirus Type 2-Antibody Complexes Enter and Infect Cells via Fc-{gamma} Receptor IIB1

Günther Baravalle,1 Marianne Brabec,1 Luc Snyers,2,{dagger} Dieter Blaas,2 and Renate Fuchs1*

Department of Pathophysiology,1 Department of Medical Biochemistry,2 the Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria2

Received 7 August 2003/ Accepted 12 November 2003

HeLa cells were stably transfected with a cDNA clone encoding the B1 isoform of the mouse Fc{gamma}RII receptor (hereafter referred to as HeLa-FcRII cells). The receptor was expressed at high level at the plasma membrane in about 90% of the cells. These cells bound and internalized mouse monoclonal virus-neutralizing antibodies 8F5 and 3B10 of the subtype immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) and IgG1, respectively. Binding of the minor-group human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2) to its natural receptors, members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, is dependent on the presence of Ca2+ ions. Thus, chelating Ca2+ ions with EDTA prevented HRV2 binding, entry, and infection. However, upon complex formation of 35S-labeled HRV2 with 8F5 or 3B10, virus was bound, internalized, and degraded in HeLa-FcRII cells. Furthermore, challenge of these cells with HRV2-8F5 or HRV2-3B10 complexes resulted in de novo synthesis of viral proteins, as shown by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. These data demonstrate that minor-group receptors can be replaced by surrogate receptors to mediate HRV2 cell entry, delivery into endosomal compartments, and productive uncoating. Consequently, the conformational change and uncoating of HRV2 appears to be solely triggered by the low-pH (pH <= 5.6) environment in these compartments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, AKH, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Phone: (43) 1 40 400-5127. Fax: (43) 1 40 400-5130. E-mail: renate.fuchs{at}akh-wien.ac.at.

{dagger} Present address: Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Virology, March 2004, p. 2729-2737, Vol. 78, No. 6
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.6.2729-2737.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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