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Journal of Virology, October 2004, p. 10987-10994, Vol. 78, No. 20
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.20.10987-10994.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Spike Protein VP4 Assembly with Maturing Rotavirus Requires a Postendoplasmic Reticulum Event in Polarized Caco-2 Cells

Olivier Delmas,1 Anne-Marie Durand-Schneider,1 Jean Cohen,2 Odile Colard,1* and Germain Trugnan1

INSERM, UPMC UMR 538, CHU Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris,1 Virologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INRA, Gif sur Yvette France2

Received 24 March 2004/ Accepted 1 June 2004

Rotavirus assembly is a multistep process that requires the successive association of four major structural proteins in three concentric layers. It has been assumed until now that VP4, the most external viral protein that forms the spikes of mature virions, associates with double-layer particles within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in conjunction with VP7 and with the help of a nonstructural protein, NSP4. VP7 and NSP4 are two glycosylated proteins. However, we recently described a strong association of VP4 with raft-type membrane microdomains, a result that makes the ER a highly questionable site for the final assembly of rotavirus, since rafts are thought to be absent from this compartment. In this study, we used tunicamycin (TM), a drug known to block the first step of protein N glycosylation, as a tool to dissect rotavirus assembly. We show that, as expected, TM blocks viral protein glycosylation and also decreases virus infectivity. In the meantime, viral particles were blocked as enveloped particles in the ER. Interestingly, TM does not prevent the targeting of VP4 to the cell surface nor its association with raft membranes, whereas the infectivity associated with the raft fractions strongly decreased. VP4 does not colocalize with the ER marker protein disulfide-isomerase even when viral particles were blocked by TM in this compartment. These results strongly support a primary role for raft membranes in rotavirus final assembly and the fact that VP4 assembly with the rest of the particle is an extrareticular event.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: INSERM-UPMC UMR 538, CHU Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France. Phone: 33 1 4001 1340. Fax: 33 1 4001 1390. E-mail: colard{at}ccr.jussieu.fr.

Journal of Virology, October 2004, p. 10987-10994, Vol. 78, No. 20
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.20.10987-10994.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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