This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Fuchs, W.
Right arrow Articles by Mettenleiter, T. C.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Fuchs, W.
Right arrow Articles by Mettenleiter, T. C.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, December 2003, p. 12891-12900, Vol. 77, No. 23
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.23.12891-12900.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Pseudorabies Virus Recombinant Simultaneously Lacking the Major Tegument Proteins Encoded by the UL46, UL47, UL48, and UL49 Genes Is Viable in Cultured Cells

Walter Fuchs,1 Harald Granzow,2 and Thomas C. Mettenleiter1*

Institutes of Molecular Biology,1 Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institutes, Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany2

Received 9 June 2003/ Accepted 19 August 2003

The UL46, UL47, UL48, and UL49 genes, which encode major tegument proteins, are conserved in most alphaherpesvirus genomes. However, the relative importance of each of these proteins for replication of individual alphaherpesviruses appears to be different. Recently, we demonstrated that single deletions of UL47 or UL48 impair maturation and egress of pseudorabies virus (PrV) particles to different extents, whereas deletions of UL46 or UL49 have no significant effects on virus replication in cell culture (W. Fuchs, H. Granzow, B. G. Klupp, M. Kopp, and T. C. Mettenleiter, J. Virol. 76:6729-6742, 2002; M. Kopp, B. G. Klupp, H. Granzow, W. Fuchs, and T. C. Mettenleiter, J. Virol. 76:8820-8833, 2002). To test for possible functional redundancy between the four tegument proteins, a quadruple gene deletion mutant (PrV-{Delta}UL46-49) was generated and characterized in vitro. Although plaque formation by this mutant was almost abolished and maximum titers were reduced more than 100-fold compared to those of parental wild-type virus, PrV-{Delta}UL46-49 could be propagated and serially passaged in noncomplementing porcine and rabbit kidney cells. Electron-microscopic studies revealed that nucleocapsid formation and egress of PrV-{Delta}UL46-49 from the host cell nucleus were not affected, but secondary envelopment of nucleocapsids in the cytoplasm was only rarely observed. The replication defect of PrV-{Delta}UL46-49 could be fully corrected by reinsertion of the UL46-to-UL49 gene cluster. Plaque sizes and virus titers were only slightly increased after restoration of only UL47 expression, whereas repair of only UL48 resulted in a significant increase in replication capacity to the level of a UL47 deletion mutant. In conclusion, we show that none of the UL46 to UL49 tegument proteins is absolutely required for productive replication of PrV. Moreover, our data indicate that the UL47 and UL48 proteins function independently during cell-to-cell spread and virus egress.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institutes, Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. Phone: 49-38351-7102. Fax: 49-38351-7151. E-mail: Mettenleiter{at}rie.bfav.de.

Journal of Virology, December 2003, p. 12891-12900, Vol. 77, No. 23
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.23.12891-12900.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Loret, S., Guay, G., Lippe, R. (2008). Comprehensive Characterization of Extracellular Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Virions. J. Virol. 82: 8605-8618 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Che, X., Reichelt, M., Sommer, M. H., Rajamani, J., Zerboni, L., Arvin, A. M. (2008). Functions of the ORF9-to-ORF12 Gene Cluster in Varicella-Zoster Virus Replication and in the Pathogenesis of Skin Infection. J. Virol. 82: 5825-5834 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tischer, B. K., Kaufer, B. B., Sommer, M., Wussow, F., Arvin, A. M., Osterrieder, N. (2007). A Self-Excisable Infectious Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Clone of Varicella-Zoster Virus Allows Analysis of the Essential Tegument Protein Encoded by ORF9. J. Virol. 81: 13200-13208 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Denesvre, C., Blondeau, C., Lemesle, M., Le Vern, Y., Vautherot, D., Roingeard, P., Vautherot, J. F. (2007). Morphogenesis of a Highly Replicative EGFPVP22 Recombinant Marek's Disease Virus in Cell Culture. J. Virol. 81: 12348-12359 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fuchs, W., Granzow, H., Klupp, B. G., Karger, A., Michael, K., Maresch, C., Klopfleisch, R., Mettenleiter, T. C. (2007). Relevance of the Interaction between Alphaherpesvirus UL3.5 and UL48 Proteins for Virion Maturation and Neuroinvasion. J. Virol. 81: 9307-9318 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Klopfleisch, R., Klupp, B. G., Fuchs, W., Kopp, M., Teifke, J. P., Mettenleiter, T. C. (2006). Influence of pseudorabies virus proteins on neuroinvasion and neurovirulence in mice.. J. Virol. 80: 5571-5576 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hafezi, W., Bernard, E., Cook, R., Elliott, G. (2005). Herpes Simplex Virus Tegument Protein VP22 Contains an Internal VP16 Interaction Domain and a C-Terminal Domain That Are Both Required for VP22 Assembly into the Virus Particle. J. Virol. 79: 13082-13093 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pomeranz, L. E., Reynolds, A. E., Hengartner, C. J. (2005). Molecular Biology of Pseudorabies Virus: Impact on Neurovirology and Veterinary Medicine. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 69: 462-500 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fuchs, W., Granzow, H., Klopfleisch, R., Klupp, B. G., Rosenkranz, D., Mettenleiter, T. C. (2005). The UL7 Gene of Pseudorabies Virus Encodes a Nonessential Structural Protein Which Is Involved in Virion Formation and Egress. J. Virol. 79: 11291-11299 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vittone, V., Diefenbach, E., Triffett, D., Douglas, M. W., Cunningham, A. L., Diefenbach, R. J. (2005). Determination of Interactions between Tegument Proteins of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1. J. Virol. 79: 9566-9571 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tischer, B. K., Schumacher, D., Chabanne-Vautherot, D., Zelnik, V., Vautherot, J.-F., Osterrieder, N. (2005). High-Level Expression of Marek's Disease Virus Glycoprotein C Is Detrimental to Virus Growth In Vitro. J. Virol. 79: 5889-5899 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fuchs, W., Klupp, B. G., Granzow, H., Mettenleiter, T. C. (2004). Essential Function of the Pseudorabies Virus UL36 Gene Product Is Independent of Its Interaction with the UL37 Protein. J. Virol. 78: 11879-11889 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Klupp, B. G., Granzow, H., Fuchs, W., Mundt, E., Mettenleiter, T. C. (2004). Pseudorabies Virus UL3 Gene Codes for a Nuclear Protein Which Is Dispensable for Viral Replication. J. Virol. 78: 464-472 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»