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Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 8153-8158, Vol. 77, No. 14
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.14.8153-8158.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of CD1d-Restricted Macaque Natural Killer T Cells

Alison Motsinger,1 Agnes Azimzadeh,2 Aleksandar K. Stanic,1 R. Paul Johnson,3 Luc Van Kaer,1 Sebastian Joyce,1 and Derya Unutmaz1*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232,1 Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201,2 New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, Massachusetts 017723

Received 21 February 2003/ Accepted 3 May 2003

Natural killer T (NKT) cells express a highly conserved T-cell receptor (TCR) and recognize glycolipids in the context of CD1d molecules. We recently demonstrated that CD4+ NKT cells are highly susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and are selectively depleted in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we identified macaque NKT cells using CD1d tetramers and human V{alpha}24 antibodies. Similar to human NKT cells, {alpha}-galactosylceramide ({alpha}-GalCer)-pulsed dendritic cells activate and expand macaque NKT cells. Upon restimulation with {alpha}-GalCer-pulsed CD1d+ cells, macaque NKT cells secreted high levels of cytokines, a characteristic of these T cells. Remarkably, the majority of resting and activated macaque NKT cells expressed CD8, and a smaller portion expressed CD4. Macaque NKT cells also expressed the HIV-1/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) coreceptor CCR5, and the CD4+ subset was susceptible to SIV infection. Identification of macaque NKT cells has major implications for delineating the role of these cells in nonhuman primate disease models of HIV as well as other pathological conditions, such as allograft rejection and autoimmunity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, 21st Ave. South, Medical Center North, Room AA-5206, Nashville, TN 37232-2363. Phone: (615) 322-1435. Fax: (615) 343-7392. E-mail: derya.unutmaz{at}vanderbilt.edu.

Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 8153-8158, Vol. 77, No. 14
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.14.8153-8158.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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