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Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 7539-7544, Vol. 77, No. 13
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7539-7544.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection

Ayato Takada,1,2* Heinz Feldmann,3 Thomas G. Ksiazek,4 and Yoshihiro Kawaoka1,2,5*

Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639,1 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332-0012, Japan,2 Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada,3 Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333,4 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 537065

Received 20 December 2002/ Accepted 8 April 2003

Most strains of Ebola virus cause a rapidly fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans, yet there are still no biologic explanations that adequately account for the extreme virulence of these emerging pathogens. Here we show that Ebola Zaire virus infection in humans induces antibodies that enhance viral infectivity. Plasma or serum from convalescing patients enhanced the infection of primate kidney cells by the Zaire virus, and this enhancement was mediated by antibodies to the viral glycoprotein and by complement component C1q. Our results suggest a novel mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection, one that would account for the dire outcome of Ebola outbreaks in human populations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5449-5504. Fax: 81-3-5449-5408. E-mail for Y. Kawaoka: kawaoka{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp. E-mail for A. Takada: atakada{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, July 2003, p. 7539-7544, Vol. 77, No. 13
0022-538X/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.13.7539-7544.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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