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Journal of Virology, January 2002, p. 484-491, Vol. 76, No. 2
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.484-491.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Long-Term Sterilizing Immunity to Rinderpest in Cattle Vaccinated with a Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Expressing High Levels of the Fusion and Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins

Paulo H. Verardi,¹ Fatema H. Aziz,¹ Shabbir Ahmad,¹ Leslie A. Jones,¹ Berhanu Beyene,² Rosemary N. Ngotho,³ Henry M. Wamwayi,³ Mebratu G. Yesus,² Berhe G. Egziabher,² and Tilahun D. Yilma^1*

International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616,¹ National Veterinary Institute, Debre-Zeit, Ethiopia,² Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kikuyu, Kenya³

Received 22 June 2001/ Accepted 11 October 2001

Rinderpest is an acute and highly contagious viral disease of ruminants, often resulting in greater than 90% mortality. We have constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine (v2RVFH) that expresses both the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) genes of rinderpest virus (RPV) under strong synthetic vaccinia virus promoters. v2RVFH-infected cells express high levels of the F and H glycoproteins and show extensive syncytium formation. Cattle vaccinated intramuscularly with as little as 10³ PFU of v2RVFH and challenged 1 month later with a lethal dose of RPV were completely protected from clinical disease; the 50% protective dose was determined to be 10² PFU. Animals vaccinated with v2RVFH did not develop pock lesions and did not transmit the recombinant vaccinia virus to contact animals. Intramuscular vaccination of cattle with 10⁸ PFU of v2RVFH provided long-term sterilizing immunity against rinderpest. In addition to being highly safe and efficacious, v2RVFH is a heat-stable, inexpensive, and easily administered vaccine that allows the serological differentiation between vaccinated and naturally infected animals. Consequently, mass vaccination of cattle with v2RVFH could eradicate rinderpest.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616. Phone: (530) 752-8306. Fax: (530) 752-1354. E-mail: tdyilma{at}ucdavis.edu.

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Journal of Virology, January 2002, p. 484-491, Vol. 76, No. 2
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.484-491.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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