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Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 9635-9644, Vol. 76, No. 19
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.19.9635-9644.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Epstein-Barr Virus mRNA Export Factor EB2 Is Essential for Production of Infectious Virus

Henri Gruffat,1* Julien Batisse,1 Dagmar Pich,2 Bernhard Neuhierl,2 Evelyne Manet,1 Wolfgang Hammerschmidt,2 and Alain Sergeant1

Laboratoire de Virologie Humaine, INSERM U412, ENS-Lyon, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France,1 Department of Gene Vectors, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, D-81377 Munich, Germany2

Received 17 April 2002/ Accepted 25 June 2002

The splicing machinery which positions a protein export complex near the exon-exon junction mediates nuclear export of mRNAs generated from intron-containing genes. Many Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early and late genes are intronless, and an alternative pathway, independent of splicing, must export the corresponding mRNAs. Since the EBV EB2 protein induces the cytoplasmic accumulation of intronless mRNA, it is tempting to speculate that EB2 is a viral adapter involved in the export of intronless viral mRNA. If this is true, then the EB2 protein is essential for the production of EBV infectious virions. To test this hypothesis, we generated an EBV mutant in which the BMLF1 gene, encoding the EB2 protein, has been deleted (EBVBMLF1-KO). Our studies show that EB2 is necessary for the production of infectious EBV and that its function cannot be transcomplemented by a cellular factor. In the EBVBMLF1-KO 293 cells, oriLyt-dependent DNA replication was greatly enhanced by EB2. Accordingly, EB2 induced the cytoplasmic accumulation of a subset of EBV early mRNAs coding for essential proteins implicated in EBV DNA replication during the productive cycle. Two herpesvirus homologs of the EB2 protein, the herpes simplex virus type 1 protein ICP27 and, the human cytomegalovirus protein UL69, only partly rescued the phenotype of the EBVBMLF1-KO mutant, indicating that some EB2 functions in virus production cannot be transcomplemented by ICP27 and UL69.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire de Virologie Humaine, INSERM U412, ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. Phone: 33 (0) 4 72 72 81 76. Fax: 33 (0) 4 72 72 87 77. E-mail: hgruffat{at}ens-lyon.fr.

Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 9635-9644, Vol. 76, No. 19
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.19.9635-9644.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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