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Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9135-9142, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9135-9142.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Quantitative Expression and Virus Transmission Analysis of DC-SIGN on Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Frédéric Baribaud,1 Stefan Pöhlmann,1 George Leslie,1 Frank Mortari,2 and Robert W. Doms1*

Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,1 R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota 554132

Received 8 February 2002/ Accepted 13 June 2002

The C-type lectins DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR efficiently bind human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains and can transmit bound virus to adjacent CD4-positive cells. DC-SIGN also binds efficiently to the Ebola virus glycoprotein, enhancing Ebola virus infection. DC-SIGN is thought to be responsible for the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to capture HIV and transmit it to T cells, thus promoting HIV dissemination in vitro and perhaps in vivo as well. To investigate DC-SIGN function and expression levels on DCs, we characterized a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the carbohydrate recognition domain of DC-SIGN. Using quantitative fluorescence-activated cell sorter technology, we found that DC-SIGN is highly expressed on immature monocyte-derived DCs, with at least 100,000 copies and often in excess of 250,000 copies per DC. There was modest variation (three- to fourfold) in DC-SIGN expression levels between individuals and between DCs isolated from the same individual at different times. Several MAbs efficiently blocked virus binding to cell lines expressing human or rhesus DC-SIGN, preventing HIV and SIV transmission. Interactions with Ebola virus pseudotypes were also blocked efficiently. Despite their ability to block virus-DC-SIGN interactions on cell lines, these antibodies only inhibited transmission of virus from DCs by approximately 50% or less. These results indicate that factors other than DC-SIGN may play important roles in the ability of DCs to capture and transmit HIV.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Microbiology, 225 Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 573-6780. Fax: (215) 573-2883. E-mail: doms{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.


Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9135-9142, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9135-9142.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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