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Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5380-5386, Vol. 76, No. 11
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.11.5380-5386.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro Selection and Characterization of Influenza A (A/N9) Virus Variants Resistant to a Novel Neuraminidase Inhibitor, A-315675

Akhteruzzaman Molla,* Warren Kati, Robert Carrick, Kevin Steffy,,{dagger} Yan Shi, Debra Montgomery, Nanette Gusick, Vincent S. Stoll, Kent D. Stewart, Teresa I. Ng, Clarence Maring, Dale J. Kempf, and William Kohlbrenner

Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064

Received 24 October 2001/ Accepted 4 March 2002

With the recent introduction of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors into clinical practice for the treatment of influenza virus infections, considerable attention has been focused on the potential for resistance development and cross-resistance between different agents from this class. A-315675 is a novel influenza virus NA inhibitor that has potent enzyme activity and is highly active in cell culture against a variety of strains of influenza A and B viruses. To further assess the therapeutic potential of this compound, in vitro resistance studies have been conducted and a comparative assessment has been made relative to oseltamivir carboxylate. The development of viral resistance to A-315675 was studied by in vitro serial passage of influenza A/N9 virus strains grown in MDCK cells in the presence of increasing concentrations of A-315675. Parallel passaging experiments were conducted with oseltamivir carboxylate, the active form of a currently marketed oral agent for the treatment of influenza virus infections. Passage experiments with A-315675 identified a variant at passage 8 that was 60-fold less susceptible to the compound. Sequencing of the viral population identified an E119D mutation in the NA gene, but no mutations were observed in the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. However, by passage 10 (2.56 µM A-315675), two mutations (R233K, S339P) in the HA gene appeared in addition to the E119D mutation in the NA gene, resulting in a 310-fold-lower susceptibility to A-315675. Further passaging at higher drug concentrations had no effect on the generation of further NA or HA mutations (20.5 µM A-315675). This P15 virus displayed 355-fold-lower susceptibility to A-315675 and >175-fold-lower susceptibility to zanamivir than did wild-type virus, but it retained a high degree of susceptibility to oseltamivir carboxylate. By comparison, virus variants recovered from passaging against oseltamivir carboxylate (passage 14) harbored an E119V mutation and displayed a 6,000-fold-lower susceptibility to oseltamivir carboxylate and a 175-fold-lower susceptibility to zanamivir than did wild-type virus. Interestingly, this mutant still retained susceptibility to A-315675 (42-fold loss). This suggests that cross-resistance between A-315675- and oseltamivir carboxylate-selected variants in vitro is minimal.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department 47D, Building AP52N, Abbott Laboratories, 200 Abbott Park Rd., Abbott Park, IL 60064-6217. Phone: (847) 938-1094. Fax: (847) 938-2756. E-mail: akhter.m.molla{at}abbott.com.

{dagger} Present address: Anadys Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA 92121.

Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5380-5386, Vol. 76, No. 11
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.11.5380-5386.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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