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Journal of Virology, April 2001, p. 3444-3452, Vol. 75, No. 7
Laboratoire de Régulation de la
Transcription et Maladies Génétiques, CNRS, UPR2228, UFR
Biomédicale, Université René Descartes, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
Received 1 November 2000/Accepted 3 January 2001
The induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3444-3452.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Inhibition of Histone Deacetylation Induces
Constitutive Derepression of the Beta Interferon Promoter and
Confers Antiviral Activity
/
) genes
constitutes one of the first responses of the cell to virus infection. The IFN-
gene is constitutively repressed in uninfected cells and is
transiently activated after virus infection. In this work we
demonstrate that histone deacetylation regulates the silent state of
the murine IFN-
gene. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
assays, we show a direct in vivo correlation between the transcriptionally silent state and a state of hypoacetylation of
histone H4 on the IFN-
promoter region. Trichostatin A (TSA), a
specific inhibitor of histone deacetylases, induced strong, constitutive derepression of the murine IFN-
promoter stably integrated into a chromatin context, as well as the hyperacetylation of
histone H4, without requiring de novo protein synthesis. We also show
in this work that TSA treatment strongly enhances the endogenous IFN
level and confers an antiviral state to murine fibroblastic L929 cells.
Inhibition of histone deacetylation with TSA protected the cells
against the lost of viability induced by vesicular stomatitis virus
(VSV) and inhibited VSV multiplication. Using antibodies neutralizing
IFN-
/
, we show that the antiviral state induced by TSA is due to
TSA-induced IFN production. The demonstration of the predominant role
of histone deacetylation during the regulation of the constitutive
repressed state of the IFN-
promoter constitutes an interesting
advance on the understanding of the negative regulation of this gene
and opens up the possibility of new therapeutic perspectives.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire de
Régulation de la Transcription et Maladies
Génétiques, CNRS, UPR2228, UFR Biomédicale,
Université René Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Phone: (33) 01.42.86.22.76. Fax: (33)
01.42.86.20.42. E-mail:
bonnefoy{at}biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr.
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