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Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 12058-12069, Vol. 75, No. 24
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.24.12058-12069.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Major Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Packaging Signal Is Present on All HIV-2 RNA Species: Cotranslational RNA Encapsidation and Limitation of Gag Protein Confer Specificity

Stephen D. C. Griffin, Jane F. Allen,dagger and Andrew M. L. Lever*

Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom

Received 23 March 2001/Accepted 3 August 2001

Deletion of a region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) 5' leader RNA reduces genomic RNA encapsidation to about 5% that of wild-type virus with no defect in viral protein production but severely limits virus spread in Jurkat T cells, indicating that this region contains a major cis-acting encapsidation signal, or psi (Psi ). Being upstream of the major splice donor, it is present on all viral transcripts. We have shown that HIV-2 selects its genomic RNA for encapsidation cotranslationally, rendering wild-type HIV-2 unable to encapsidate vector RNAs in trans . Virus with Psi  deleted, however, encapsidates an HIV-2 vector, demonstrating competition for Gag protein. HIV-2 overcomes the lack of packaging signal location specificity by two novel mechanisms, cotranslational packaging and competition for limiting Gag polyprotein.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Level 5, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd., Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-223 336747. Fax: 44-223 336846. E-mail: amll1{at}mole.bio.cam.ac.uk.

dagger Previously Jane F. Kaye.

Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 12058-12069, Vol. 75, No. 24
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.24.12058-12069.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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