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Journal of Virology, October 2001, p. 9909-9917, Vol. 75, No. 20
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.20.9909-9917.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Gene Array Analysis Reveals Changes in Peripheral Nervous System Gene Expression following Stimuli That Result in Reactivation of Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1: Induction of Transcription Factor Bcl-3

Dimitra Tsavachidou, Wawrzyniec Podrzucki, John Seykora, and Shelley L. Berger*

The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Received 10 April 2001/Accepted 13 July 2001

The earliest events within the peripheral mammalian nervous system that cause herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to reactivate from latency are unknown but are highly likely to include altered regulation of cellular transcription factors. Using gene array analysis, we have examined the changes that occur in cellular mRNA levels in mouse trigeminal ganglia following explantation, a stimulus that results in HSV-1 reactivation from latency. We have detected both increased and decreased expression levels of particular cellular transcripts, which include RNAs encoding neuronal factors, transcription factors, and factors involved in the cell cycle. Among the transcription factors that are upregulated is Bcl-3, a coactivator for NFkappa B. We have confirmed these increases in Bcl-3 transcription levels using reverse transcription-PCR and S1 nuclease protection assays. In addition, we have shown Bcl-3 upregulation at the protein level. Importantly, Bcl-3 RNA levels were found to increase specifically in neuronal cells within the trigeminal ganglia. We discuss a potential role for this factor in upregulating ICP0 transcription, which is an important viral event for initiation of HSV-1 reactivation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Room 389, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4268. Phone: (215) 898-3922. Fax: (215) 898-0663. E-mail: berger{at}wistar.upenn.edu.

Journal of Virology, October 2001, p. 9909-9917, Vol. 75, No. 20
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.20.9909-9917.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.