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Journal of Virology, October 2001, p. 9679-9686, Vol. 75, No. 20
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.20.9679-9686.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cocirculation of Avian H9N2 and Contemporary "Human" H3N2 Influenza A Viruses in Pigs in Southeastern China: Potential for Genetic Reassortment?

J. S. M. Peiris,1,* Y. Guan,1 D. Markwell,1 P. Ghose,1 R. G. Webster,2 and K. F. Shortridge1

Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China,1 and Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-27942

Received 9 April 2001/Accepted 9 July 2001

Pigs are permissive to both human and avian influenza viruses and have been proposed to be an intermediate host for the genesis of pandemic influenza viruses through reassortment or adaptation of avian viruses. Prospective virological surveillance carried out between March 1998 and June 2000 in Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China, on pigs imported from southeastern China, provides the first evidence of interspecies transmission of avian H9N2 viruses to pigs and documents their cocirculation with contemporary human H3N2 (A/Sydney/5/97-like, Sydney97-like) viruses. All gene segments of the porcine H9N2 viruses were closely related to viruses similar to chicken/Beijing/1/94 (H9N2), duck/Hong Kong/Y280/97 (H9N2), and the descendants of the latter virus lineage. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that repeated interspecies transmission events had occurred from the avian host to pigs. The Sydney97-like (H3N2) viruses isolated from pigs were related closely to contemporary human H3N2 viruses in all gene segments and had not undergone genetic reassortment. Cocirculation of avian H9N2 and human H3N2 viruses in pigs provides an opportunity for genetic reassortment leading to the emergence of viruses with pandemic potential.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. Phone: (852)-2855-4888. Fax: (852)-2855-1241. E-mail: malik{at}hkucc.hku.hk.

Journal of Virology, October 2001, p. 9679-9686, Vol. 75, No. 20
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.20.9679-9686.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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