This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Loeb, D. D.
Right arrow Articles by Tian, R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Loeb, D. D.
Right arrow Articles by Tian, R.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, July 2001, p. 6492-6497, Vol. 75, No. 14
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.14.6492-6497.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Mutations That Increase In Situ Priming Also Decrease Circularization for Duck Hepatitis B Virus

Daniel D. Loeb* and Ru Tian

McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Received 13 February 2001/Accepted 25 April 2001

The process of hepadnavirus reverse transcription involves two template switches during the synthesis of plus-strand DNA. The first involves translocation of the plus-strand primer from its site of generation, the 3' end of minus-strand DNA, to the complementary sequence DR2, located near the 5' end of the minus-strand DNA. Plus strands initiated from DR2 are extended to the 5' end of the minus-strand DNA. At this point, the 3' end of the minus strand becomes the template via the second template switch, a process called circularization. Elongation of circularized plus-strand DNA generates relaxed circular DNA. Although most virions contain relaxed circular DNA, some contain duplex linear DNA. Duplex linear genomes are synthesized when the plus-strand primer is used at the site of its generation, the 3' end of the minus-strand template. This type of synthesis is called in situ priming. Although in situ priming is normally low, in some duck hepatitis B virus mutants this type of priming is elevated. For example, mutations within the 3' end of the minus-strand DNA can lead to increased levels of in situ priming. We report here that these same mutations result in a second defect, a less efficient template switch that circularizes the genome. Although it is not clear how these mutations affect both steps in DNA replication, our findings suggest a commonality in the mechanism of initiation of plus-strand synthesis and the template switch that circularizes the genome.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 1400 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706. Phone: (608) 262-1260. Fax: (608) 262-2824. E-mail: loeb{at}oncology.wisc.edu.

Journal of Virology, July 2001, p. 6492-6497, Vol. 75, No. 14
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.14.6492-6497.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Guo, H., Jiang, D., Zhou, T., Cuconati, A., Block, T. M., Guo, J.-T. (2007). Characterization of the Intracellular Deproteinized Relaxed Circular DNA of Hepatitis B Virus: an Intermediate of Covalently Closed Circular DNA Formation. J. Virol. 81: 12472-12484 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Liu, N., Ji, L., Maguire, M. L., Loeb, D. D. (2004). cis-Acting Sequences That Contribute to the Synthesis of Relaxed-Circular DNA of Human Hepatitis B Virus. J. Virol. 78: 642-649 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Habig, J. W., Loeb, D. D. (2003). The Conformation of the 3' End of the Minus-Strand DNA Makes Multiple Contributions to Template Switches during Plus-Strand DNA Synthesis of Duck Hepatitis B Virus. J. Virol. 77: 12401-12411 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mueller-Hill, K., Loeb, D. D. (2002). cis-Acting Sequences 5E, M, and 3E Interact To Contribute to Primer Translocation and Circularization during Reverse Transcription of Avian Hepadnavirus DNA. J. Virol. 76: 4260-4266 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Havert, M. B., Ji, L., Loeb, D. D. (2002). Analysis of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Reverse Transcription Indicates a Common Mechanism for the Two Template Switches during Plus-Strand DNA Synthesis. J. Virol. 76: 2763-2769 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»