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Journal of Virology, May 2001, p. 4699-4704, Vol. 75, No. 10
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4699-4704.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Selective Induction of Apoptosis in Antigen-Presenting Cells in Mice by Parapoxvirus ovis

Nicole Kruse and Olaf Weber*

BAYER AG Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Department of Antiinfective Research, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany

Received 16 January 2001/Accepted 19 February 2001

Viruses have evolved numerous mechanisms to avoid host immune reactions. Here we report a mechanism by which Parapoxvirus ovis (PPVO) interferes with antigen presentation. PPVO (orf virus) causes orf, an acute skin disease of sheep and goats worldwide. Importantly, PPVO can repeatedly infect its host in spite of a vigorous inflammatory and host immune response to the infection. We demonstrate in a mouse system that PPVO induces apoptosis in a significant number of antigen-presenting cells after intraperitoneal injection using the CD95 pathway, thus preventing a primary T-cell response. We also show that PPVO induces a compensatory activation of the immune system. Our results may help to explain the phenomenon that natural PPVO infections in sheep occur repeatedly even after short intervals. They also suggest that the combination of immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory mechanisms is an effective survival strategy that might be used in other viruses as well.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Bayer Corporation, Pharmaceutical Division, 400 Morgan Ln., West Haven, CT 06516-4175. Phone: (203) 812-2613. Fax: (203) 937-6923. E-mail: Olaf.Weber.b{at}bayer.com.

Journal of Virology, May 2001, p. 4699-4704, Vol. 75, No. 10
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4699-4704.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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