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Journal of Virology, May 2000, p. 4236-4243, Vol. 74, No. 9
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Protective Immunity in Macaques Vaccinated with a Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-Based Measles Virus Vaccine in the Presence of Passively Acquired Antibodies

Koert J. Stittelaar,1,2 Linda S. Wyatt,3 Rik L. de Swart,1 Helma W. Vos,1 Jan Groen,1 Geert van Amerongen,2 Robert S. van Binnendijk,2 Shmuel Rozenblatt,3,dagger Bernard Moss,3 and Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus1,*

The Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam,1 and The National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven,2 The Netherlands, and Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-04453

Received 15 November 1999/Accepted 9 February 2000

Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), encoding the measles virus (MV) fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) (MVA-FH) glycoproteins, was evaluated in an MV vaccination-challenge model with macaques. Animals were vaccinated twice in the absence or presence of passively transferred MV-neutralizing macaque antibodies and challenged 1 year later intratracheally with wild-type MV. After the second vaccination with MVA-FH, all the animals developed MV-neutralizing antibodies and MV-specific T-cell responses. Although MVA-FH was slightly less effective in inducing MV-neutralizing antibodies in the absence of passively transferred antibodies than the currently used live attenuated vaccine, it proved to be more effective in the presence of such antibodies. All vaccinated animals were effectively protected from the challenge infection. These data suggest that MVA-FH should be further tested as an alternative to the current vaccine for infants with maternally acquired MV-neutralizing antibodies and for adults with waning vaccine-induced immunity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-10-4088066. Fax: 31-10-4089485. E-mail: osterhaus{at}viro.fgg.eur.nl.

dagger Present address: Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Journal of Virology, May 2000, p. 4236-4243, Vol. 74, No. 9
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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