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Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11490-11494, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

TVB Receptors for Cytopathic and Noncytopathic Subgroups of Avian Leukosis Viruses Are Functional Death Receptors

Jürgen Brojatsch,1,2 John Naughton,1,3 Heather B. Adkins,1 and John A. T. Young1,3,*

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 021151; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein of College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 104612; and Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 537063

Received 19 January 2000/Accepted 15 September 2000

The identification of TVBS3, a cellular receptor for the cytopathic subgroups B and D of avian leukosis virus (ALV-B and ALV-D), as a tumor necrosis factor receptor-related death receptor with a cytoplasmic death domain, provides a compelling argument that viral Env-receptor interactions are linked to cell death (4). However, other TVB proteins have been described that appear to have similar death domains but are cellular receptors for the noncytopathic subgroup E of ALV (ALV-E): TVBT, a turkey subgroup E-specific ALV receptor, and TVBS1, a chicken receptor for subgroups B, D, and E ALV. To begin to understand the role of TVB receptors in the cytopathic effects associated with infection by specific ALV subgroups, we asked whether binding of a soluble ALV-E surface envelope protein (SU) to its receptor can lead to cell death. Here we report that ALV-E SU-receptor interactions can induce apoptosis in quail or turkey cells. We also show directly that TVBS1 and TVBT are functional death receptors that can trigger cell death by apoptosis via a mechanism involving their cytoplasmic death domains and activation of the caspase pathway. These data demonstrate that ALV-B and ALV-E use functional death receptors to enter cells, and it remains to be determined why only subgroups B and D viral infections lead specifically to cell death.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1400 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706-1599. Phone: (608) 265-5151. Fax: (608) 262-2824. E-mail: young{at}oncology.wisc.edu.

Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11490-11494, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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