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Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7271-7277, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Inhibition of Epstein-Barr Virus Replication by a Benzimidazole L-Riboside: Novel Antiviral Mechanism of 5,6-Dichloro-2-(Isopropylamino)-1-beta -L-Ribofuranosyl-1H-Benzimidazole

Valerie L. Zacny,1,2 Eduard Gershburg,1 Michelle G. Davis,3 Karen K. Biron,3 and Joseph S. Pagano1,2,4,*

Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center1 and Departments of Microbiology and Immunology2 and Medicine,4 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and Department of Virology, Glaxo Wellcome Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 277093

Received 9 December 1998/Accepted 18 May 1999

Although a number of antiviral drugs inhibit replication of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cell culture, and acyclovir (ACV) suppresses replication in vivo, currently available drugs have not proven effective for treatment of EBV-associated diseases other than oral hairy leukoplakia. Benzimidazole riboside compounds represent a new class of antiviral compounds that are potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication but not of other herpesviruses. Here we characterize the effects of two compounds in this class against lytic replication of EBV induced in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line latently infected with EBV. We analyzed linear forms of EBV genomes, indicative of lytic replication, and episomal forms present in latently infected cells by terminal probe analysis followed by Southern blot hybridization as well as the high-molecular-weight unprocessed viral DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. D-Ribofuranosyl benzimidazole compounds that act as inhibitors of HCMV DNA maturation, including BDCRB (5,6-dichloro-2-bromo-1-beta -D-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole), did not affect the accumulation of high-molecular-weight or monomeric forms of EBV DNA in the induced cells. In contrast, the generation of linear EBV DNA as well as precursor viral DNA was sensitive to the L-riboside 1263W94 [5,6-dichloro-2-(isopropylamino)-1-beta -L-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole]. The 50% inhibitory concentration range for 1263W94 was 0.15 to 1.1 µM, compared with 10 µM for ACV. Thus, 1263W94 is a potent inhibitor of EBV. In addition, 1263W94 inhibited the phosphorylation and the accumulation of the essential EBV replicative cofactor, early antigen D.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB 7295, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Phone: (919) 966-1183. Fax: (919) 966-3015. E-mail: Joseph_Pagano{at}med.unc.edu.

Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7271-7277, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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