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Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5556-5567, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification of the Immediate-Early Transcripts of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Fan Xiu Zhu, Teresa Cusano, and Yan Yuan*

Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Received 9 February 1999/Accepted 15 April 1999

In the immediate-early phase of reactivation or primary infection, herpesviruses express a small number of genes without requiring prior viral protein synthesis. Immediate-early genes usually encode regulatory proteins critical for the viral life cycle. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) gene transcription in the immediate-early stage of viral reactivation was examined by using a chemical induction combined with a gene expression screening method. RNA transcripts from at least four KSHV genomic loci accumulate when latently infected B-lymphoma cells are induced for reactivation in the presence of an inhibitor of protein synthesis (cycloheximide) and thus represent immediate-early class transcripts. Among them, a 3.6-kb mRNA encodes three putative open reading frames (ORFs), namely, ORF50, K8, and K8.2. ORF50 is a homologue of Rta, a transcription activator encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The K8 gene codes for a 237-amino-acid protein with a basic-leucine zipper domain near its C terminus and an acidic domain near its N terminus and which closely resembles the ZEBRA protein of EBV and Jun/Fos family proteins. Other immediate-early mRNAs of KSHV include a 1.7-kb mRNA encoding ORF45, a 2.0-kb mRNA encoding ORF K4.2, and a 4.5-kb mRNA. Functional roles of products of these KSHV immediate-early transcripts remain to be studied.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 4010 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 573-7556. Fax: (215) 898-8385. E-mail: yuan2{at}pobox.upenn.edu.


Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5556-5567, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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