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Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5556-5567, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Identification of the Immediate-Early Transcripts
of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus
Fan Xiu
Zhu,
Teresa
Cusano, and
Yan
Yuan*
Department of Microbiology, University of
Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104
Received 9 February 1999/Accepted 15 April 1999
In the immediate-early phase of reactivation or primary infection,
herpesviruses express a small number of genes without requiring prior
viral protein synthesis. Immediate-early genes usually encode regulatory proteins critical for the viral life cycle. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) gene transcription in the immediate-early stage of viral reactivation was examined by using a
chemical induction combined with a gene expression screening method.
RNA transcripts from at least four KSHV genomic loci accumulate when
latently infected B-lymphoma cells are induced for reactivation in the
presence of an inhibitor of protein synthesis (cycloheximide) and thus
represent immediate-early class transcripts. Among them, a 3.6-kb
mRNA encodes three putative open reading frames (ORFs), namely,
ORF50, K8, and K8.2. ORF50 is a homologue of Rta, a transcription activator encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The K8 gene codes for a
237-amino-acid protein with a basic-leucine zipper domain near its C
terminus and an acidic domain near its N terminus and which closely
resembles the ZEBRA protein of EBV and Jun/Fos family proteins. Other
immediate-early mRNAs of KSHV include a 1.7-kb mRNA encoding
ORF45, a 2.0-kb mRNA encoding ORF K4.2, and a 4.5-kb mRNA.
Functional roles of products of these KSHV immediate-early transcripts
remain to be studied.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 4010 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 573-7556. Fax:
(215) 898-8385. E-mail: yuan2{at}pobox.upenn.edu.
Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5556-5567, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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